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John Gach Books, Inc. 10514 Marriottsville Road (Rear Building) PO Box 267 Randallstown, Maryland 21133 |
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John Gach Books, Inc. 10514 Marriottsville Road (Rear Building) PO Box 267 Randallstown, Maryland 21133 |
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Section 3: Ethics and Morality (R-Z)
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During his lifetime most of Hemsterhuis's works were printed anonymously for private circulation. In this, his most important book and the basis for the later Platonic dialogues that influenced the Romantics, he elaborated a dualist philosophy like Descartes's but combined it with an empiricist-sensationalist theory of perception that probably derived from Locke & Condillac. Hemsterhuis here elaborates ideas first broached in his 1765 Lettre sur la sculpture and 1769 Lettre sur les désirs. In the former he argued that the essence of the aesthetic experience is the longing to unite with the art object, which idea he generalized in the letter on desire into a theory of ethics. "Through sensory perception man receives an image of what exists in reality. This image, however, is incomplete, and if man had other organs, he could perhpas see other aspects of reality. Through what Hemsterhuis calls the "moral organ" man is aware of an immediate feeling of his relationship with God. The moral organ is also responsible for the feeling of relation, rapport, that man has with thousands of other men, and the development of such relations is dependent on the perfection of the moral organ. This theory leads to an individualistic concept of man's duties, which is one of the reasons for Hemsterhuis' influence on the German philosophy of Sturm und Drang and romanticism.
Holt's book is an important connection between Freudianism and academic psychology.
Hunter & Macalpine p. 335. Born in Ireland, Hutcheson was educated at Glasgow University before his return to Ireland in 1718. In the 1720s he produced four treatises that were profoundly to affect the course of British philosophy: the first two appearing in 1725 in his best known work, An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue; the second two appearing in 1728 in the present book. The two works secured his election as Professor of Moral Philosophy in Glasgow in 1729. Hutcheson seriously influenced the ideas of Hume, with whom he correspondend in the late 1730s and 1740s. Adam Smith and Thomas Reid were both students. "In his Essay … Hutcheson refined his moral psychology. offering a kind of phenomenology of the internal modifications and the ideas they provoke. In the appended Illustrations upon the Moral Sense, he not only addressed criticism of his theory but also endeavoured to show that rival systems, like those proposed by the rationalists, depended on a moral sense for their coherence" [Dictionary of Eighteenth Century British Philosophers 1: 456].An important contribution to moral theory, supplementing the discussion of morality in his 1725 Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue. Considerably influenced the Scottish 'Common Sense' philosophers. "Hutcheson was interested in the psychological aspects of temperament and emotion and the effect of the 'Association of Ideas' in rousing and maintaining feelings, even when 'contrary to Reason', and showed that they 'were not so much in our Power, as some seem to imagine', a fact which could account for a whole range of psychological responses, from normal to pathological." [HM].
Contains "Evolution and Ethics" [1893]; "Evolution and Ethics: Prolegomana" [1894]; "Science and Morals" [1886]; "Capital—the Mother of Labour" [1890]; "SAocial Diseases and Worse Remedies" [1891].
Includes: Floyd H. Allport's Social Psychology and Human Values; Edward F. Mettrick's G. E. Moore and Intrinsic Goodness; C. F. Taeusch's Should the Doctor Testify?; Bolling Somerville's Social Progress and the Good Man; L.L. Bernard's The Family in Modern Life; Roy C. Cave's A Scientific Ethics and Hedonism; Harold N. Lee's Morals, Morality, and Ethics: Suggested Terminology, and E. O. Bassett's Plato's Theory of Social Progress.
King's major philosophical work, which was very influential throughout the 18th century, as is apparent by the criticisms of the Latin edition by Bayle, Leibinz, and Johann Christoph Wolf. "King's main topics, the nature of good and evil, free will and divine foreknowledge, are discussed in terms of a philosophical theology, in which the existence of God is deduced from the need for an active Creator. Although De origine mali intitially looks to natural theology, subsequent issues, such as eternal damnation, force King to seek support from Christian revelation. His understanding of the physical world is a conventional late seventeenth-century model … Knowledge comes from the simple ideas aroused in the mind by sensation, and from reasoning about their connections and analogies. … Good does not derive from some pre-existing criterion which determines how God creates things; rather, things are good because God has chosen to create them. … King thus rejects all predetermining limitations on the will … Moral evil arises from 'undue elections' (inappropriate choices) which result in the misery of the chooser and of others." [Dictionary of Eighteenth Century British Philosophers, Vol. 2, pp. 518-522.]
Chapters on Plato's Gorgias, Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics, Hobbes' Leviathan, St. Paul's First Epistle to the Corinthians, Hume's Enquiry into the Principles of Morals, Mill's Three Essays on Religion, Arnold's Literature and Dogma, Bradley's Ethical Studies, and D. H. Lawrence's The Man Who Died.
A condensed exposition of Thomas Hill Green's (1836-1882) Prolegomena to Ethics.
Chapters on Hobbes, Shaftesbury, Hutcheson, Butler, Hume, Bentham, Mill, and Bain.
First published in French as a letter to Bolingbroke in Recueil de divers écrites sur l'amour et l'amitié, la politesse, la volupté, les sentimens agréables, l'esprit et le coeur. According to Brunet, first published separately as a book in 1743 by Lévesque's brother, but we can find no record of it. Published in 1749 both in Geneva and Paris as Theorie des sentimens agreables, from which the present work was translated. Reprinted a number of times in both French and English, with an American edition appearing in Boston in 1812, and translated into German in 1751.A book that greatly influencd both Hume and Adam Smith. "Equally learned in science, mathematics, and literature, Lévesque de Pouilly had been one of the earliest interpreters of Newtonianism in France, later visiting England, where he became the friend of Sir Isaac himself. He was also the friend of Lord Bolingbroke, and in 1720, during that statesman's exile in France, had guided him through a course of study in philosophy. Bolingbroke's Substance of Some Letters, Written originally in French, about the Year 1720, to Mr. de Pouilly was not published, however, until 1754. For his part, Pouilly published in 1736 a letter, originally written to Bolingbroke, under the title Theorie des sentimens agréables. This aesthetic and ethical work in the tradition of Shaftesbury, Dubos, and Hutcheson would certainly have been agreeable to David Hume; and it is worth noting that the manuscript would have been in the final stages of completion at the time of Hume's stay in Rheims" [Mossner The Life of David Hume, p. 97].
Chapters on the crisis of ethics; materialistic ethics; evolutionary ethics; rational ethics; the ethics of punishment; the ethics of politics; the ethics of journalism; etc.
Translation of the second German edition, which was based on Lotze's 1878 lectures (the 1st German edition used his 1880 lectures). The second edition contains chapters on "Marriage and the Family" and "The Intercourse of Men," which were not in the first German edition.
One of the most influential 18th century British contributions to social & economic thought, the first edition of which is very rare. Mandeville strongly favored free trade and the production of luxuries, but opposed educating the poor on the grounds that knowledge multiplies our desires without providing the means for fulfilling them. Adam Smith was much influenced by Mandeville.
The "Vindication" first appeared in the 1724 third edition. Mandeville's famous book originated in a 433-line poem published as a pamphlet in 1705, "The Grumbling Hive: or Knaves Turn'd Honest," which made the central argument of the Fable that selfishness and private vices resulted in public virtues, a direct prefiguration of Adam Smith's laissez-faire economics. Mandeville's defense of the numerous attacks against his pamphlet led to his vastly expanding his original poem into a full-scale book, the 1714 Fable of the Bees.One of the most influential 18th century British contributions to social & economic thought and a direct precursor of the liberal economic tradition, the first edition of which is very rare. Though strongly favoring free trade and the production of luxuries, Mandeville opposed educating the poor on the grounds that knowledge multiplies our desires without providing the means for fulfilling them. Adam Smith was much influenced by Mandeville.
Volume 1 contains classic discussions of Plato, Malebranche, Spinoza, Comte, while volume 2 discusses the utilitarians.
Based on lectures given in 1908 to the Newman Club at the University of California then modified for use in Moore's introductory philosophy course at Catholic University, where he was professor of psychology.
Olafson was Professor of Education and Philosophy at the Graduate School of Education, Harvard University.
Shaw & Shoemaker 20979.
With Questions. Adapted to Paley's Moral and Political Philosophy. By a Citizen of Massachusetts appended to Paley's text.
Fay p. 223. An English congregational divine, Payne "has furnished us with an abridgment of (Thomas) Brown's philosophy, which, while it wants the poetry of the original, at least equals it in the clear and succinct statement of the philosophical doctrines which are advanved. Moreover, in the moral department Brown's errors and imperfections are well portrayed; and an attempt is made … to lay afresh the foundations of the emotional theory of morals" (Morell, p. 499).
Section 1: Ethics and Morality (A-G)
Section 3: Ethics and Morality (R-Z)
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