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John Gach Books, Inc. 10514 Marriottsville Road (Rear Building) PO Box 267 Randallstown, Maryland 21133 |
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OCLC records only one copy, at the University of Michigan. Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires medical thesis. Aubrun reports the results of sectioning the craniofacial and trigeminal nerve in cats.
Moravia's introduction, "Cabanis and His Contemporaries" was translated by Mora from the original Italian. Mora's own 45-page introductory essay, "Cabanis, Neurology and Psychiatry" is a scholarly contribution to the history of psychiatry.
Wozniak Mind and Body #7. Diamond Roots of Psychology #2.6, 8.12, 10.3, 15.11. DSB 3: 1-3; Welcome II, 283 (1824 4th edition only); Edwards, Dictionary of Philosophy 2:3-4. Zusne Names in the History of Psychology #80.One of the foundation texts for physiological psychology, the Rapports first appeared as articles in the Mémoire de l'Institut National from 1798-1801, then as a separate two volume book in 1802. Cabanis' most important work, in which he attempts to explain mental phenomena wholly in terms of physiological states, helped lay the materialist-monist foundation for later 19th century medicine and experimental psychology. Though neither a materialist nor an atheist, Cabanis, who had been trained as a physician and wrote several medical works, helped spread the radical naturalism inaugurated by La Mettrie in the 1740s. It was here that Cabanis famously wrote that "the brain digests impressions and organically excretes thought."
GM 4968; Heirs of Hippocrates 935; DSB 3: 381; Edwards, Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2: 180-182; Diamond 16.6; Wozniak Mind and Body, p. 33; Rieber catalog #114.
- A classic contribution to psychology and a high spot of French Enlightenment philosophy. Stimulated both by Diderot's 1749 book on the blind and by the French translations of Locke and Newton that he had read, Condillac attempted to refute Berkeley's idealism by founding human mental phenomena entirely on sensation, as illustrated by his famous fiction of a statue endowed at first with only the sense of smell. Though Condillac's attempt was not entirely successful (as Wozniak points out, "Condillac's extreme sensationalism runs afoul of the obvious fact of variation … in biological constitution"), nevertheless he influenced just about every 18th century author who wrote on philosophical psychology after the publication of his treatise .
- A clear and highly influential consequence of Condillac's analysis was its conclusion that psychology had perforce to be nominalistic. As Brett wrote, "Condillac thinks that Locke did not really get away from the obsession of innate ideas; he is himself more thorough and tells us that all general ideas are merely ways of regarding special or particular ideas. When we consider similarities we move toward general ideas: if we consider differences we make species; as both are operations of the mind there is no need to assume that the general ideas point to any distinct class of objects, the real universals for example. Psychology, within its own limits, must side with the nominalists" [Brett's History of Psychology, abridged edition, p. 470].
An early version of Craik's unpublished Cambridge University doctoral thesis in psychology under F. C. Bartlett, submitted May 1940. A philosopher & psychologist who studied philosophy at the University of Edinburgh under Norman Kemp Smith before coming to Cambridge, Craik died at age 31 in a bicycle accident. The chapter contents are: Introduction. 1. The light reaching the retina and its excitation of the optic nerve. 2. Bright and dark adaptation. 3. The effect of adaptation on brightness-discrimination, acuity, and subjective brightness. 4. Spatial effects of adaptation. 5. Mechanical and electrical excitation of light sensation. 6. Theories of visual adaptation. 7. Perceptual probelms involving adaptation. 8. The functions and mechanisms of sensory adaptation. 9. Visual anomalies. Appendix on Apparatus. Epilogue. References.One of the founders of the field now known as cognitive science, Craik published only one small book in his short lifetime, The Nature of Physical Explanation (1943), which laid the foundation for the concept of mental models. He drew parallels between the operations performed by minds and machines and suggested that perception and performance are based on mental models of the environment. His two-part 1947 paper "Theory of Human Operators in Control Systems," published posthumously in the British Journal of Psychology, introduced the concept of intermittent control in the context of human control systems. These important ideas are all present or foreshadowed in his thesis. Though the title in the typescript is as we've given it, Bartlett referred to it in his obituary of Craik published in the March 1946 issue of The Eagle as An Experimental Study of Visual Adaptation, and a Discussion of some more general Psychological Problems. Bartlett noted in his obituary that Craik's thesis was "strongly marked by what became one of the leading ideas of all his work, a lively recognition of the interrelation of physical, physiological and psychological problems and issues. Already he was searching for and using physical analogies … [H]e was able to combine all his results into an illuminating general study of adaptation from a psychological point of view proper and of its biological significance." Craik invented most of the instruments used for his experiments, many of which were used by the British Fighting Services during World War II.
A revised and considerably enlarged version of Craik's unpublished Cambridge University doctoral thesis in psychology under F. C. Bartlett, originally submitted May 1940. A philosopher & psychologist who studied philosophy at the University of Edinburgh under Norman Kemp Smith before coming to Cambridge, Craik used this enlarged version to become a Fellow of St. John's College in 1941 on his first attempt. Craik died at age 31 in a bicycle accident. The chapter contents are: Introduction. 1. The light reaching the retina and its excitation of the optic nerve. 2. Bright and dark adaptation. 3. The effect of adaptation on brightness-discrimination, acuity, and subjective brightness. 4. Spatial effects of adaptation. 5. Mechanical and electrical excitation of light sensation. 6. Theories of visual adaptation. 7. Perceptual probelms involving adaptation. 8. The functions and mechanisms of sensory adaptation. 9. Visual anomalies. Appendix on Apparatus. Epilogue. References.
Volume 13 deals entirely with the comparative neurology of hearing, vision, and vocalization.
Published in 14 volumes from 1857 to 1881 Edward's great work on comparative neurology is virtually never found complete. All the volumes are scarce — OCLC records only volume 11.
University of Paris doctoral thesis.
Contains the most extensive early exposition of Fechner's work in French. Includes much material on psychophysical theorists after Fechner (Wundt, Helmholtz, Müller, Münsterberg, etc.). Foucault founded an experimental psychology laboratory at Montpellier.
Contains sections on the physiological conditions of mentation; unconscious muscular movements; muscular sensation; aberations of the sexual instinct.
GM-5 1513; Cushing H231; Waller 4299; Heirs of Hippocrates 1887; Wozniak Body & Mind #41 & pp. 42-43 [all the 1st German]. Translation of the 1909-11 3rd revised edition.
- "Because Helmholtz's name is linked so closely with physics and electrophysiology, it is sometimes forgotten that he was a physician who held posts at a number of prominent medical schools. It was during his tenure at Heidelberg that this monumental treatise on optics was written. Originally issued in parts between 1856 and 1866, the work provided the first real descriptoin of optical physiology including the mechanism of accomodation, the phenomenon of color vision, and the measurement of lens curvature" [Heirs].
- This and Helmholtz's 1863 Die Lehre von den Tonempfindungen "defined the problematic for the experimental psychology of visual and auditory perception for decades to follow. In the Optik Helmholtz extended Müller's doctrine of the specific energies of nerves to offer a comprehensive theory of color vision and a famous unconscious inference theory of perception. In the theory of color vision, Helmholtz reasoned that just as the differences between sensations of sound and light reflect the specific qualities of auditory and visual nerves, sensations of color may depend on different kinds of nerves within the visual system. Since the laws of color mixture suggest that virtually all hues can be obtained by various combinations of three primary colors, it seemed to Helmholtz that the perceived hue, brightness, and saturation of color must be derived from varying activity in three primary kinds of nerve fibers in the eye.
- In his theory of perception, Helmholtz started from the recognition that Müller's doctrine of specific nerve energies implied the fact that sensations do not provide direct access to objects and events but only serve the mind as signs of reality. Perception, on this view, requires an active, unconscious, automatic, logical process on the part of the perceiver which utilizes the information provided by sensation to infer the properties of external objects and events. In this regard, Helmholtz anticipated much of later top-down cognitive psychology" [Wozniak pp. 42-43].
Band 1 contains papers on the theory of energy, hydrodynamics, sound, electrodynamics, galvanism; Band 2 contains papers on physical and physiological optics, acoustics, epistemology, and physiology. A third volume appeared in 1895.
Band 1: Bewegungsapparate; Band 2: Physiologie des Nervensystems; Band 3. Physiologie der Sinnesorgane; Band 4. Physiologie des Kreislaufs, der Athmung und der thierischen Wärme; Band 5. Physiologie der Absonderung und Aufsaugung; Band 6. Physiologie des Gesammt-Stoffwechsels, der Ernährung und der Fortpflanzung.Band 1: L. Hermann's "Allgemeine Muskelphysik" & O. Nasse's "Chemie und Stoffwechsel der Muskeln" & Th. W. Engelmann's "Flimmer- und Protoplasmabewegung" & P. Grützner's "Physiologie der Stimme und Sprache" & A. Fick's "Specielle Bewegungnslehre." Band 2: L. Hermann's "Allgemeine Nervenphysiologie" & Sigm. Mayer's "Specielle Nervenphysiologie" & C. Eckhard & Exner's "Physiologie des Rückenmarks und Gehirns." Band 3: A Fick's "Dioptrik. Nebenapparate des Auges. Lehre von der Lichtempfindung" & W. Kühne's "Chemische Vorgänge in der Netzhaut" & E. Hering's "Raumsinn des Auges. Augenbewegungen" & V. Hensen's "Gehör" & M. v. Vintschgau's "Geschmakssinn. Geruchssinn" & O. Funke's "Tastsinn und Gemeingefühle" & E. Hering "Temperatursinn." Band 4: A. Rollet's "Blut und Blutbewegung" & H. Aubert's "Innervation der Kreislaufsorgane" & N. Zuntz's "Blutgase und Respiratorischer Gaswechsel" & J. Rosenthal's "Atehmbewegungen und Innervation derselben" & Rosenthal's "Thierische Wärme." Band 5: R.Heidenhain's "Absonderungsvorgänge" (Die Hautabsonderung von B.Luchsinger) & E.Drechsel's "Chemie der Absonderungen und Gewebe & H. Huppert's "Chemie der Absonderung und der Gewebe" & R. Maly's "Chemie der Verdauungssäfte und der Verdauung" & W. v. Wittich's "Aufsaugung, Lymphbildung und Assimilation" & Sigm. Mayer's "Bewegungen der Verdauungs-, Absonderungs- und Fortpflanzungsapparate." Band 6: C. von Voit's "Physiologie des allgemeinen Stoffwechsels und der Ernährung" & V. Hensen's "Physiologie der Zeugung."
Chapters on the brain, hearing, vision, smell, etc.
A German physiologist famous for his contributions to the study of vision, Kries greatly influenced work in the experimental psychology of sensation. This is his last book & his only general treatise on sensation. Boring 1950 p. 423.
Contains 8 papers on Purkyne & 19th century physiology; 4 on vision & psychophysiology; 7 on nerve cells and fibres (including Eccles' "The Purkyne Cell: Its Physiological Properties and Performance"; 6 on structure and function.
Written while Külpe was still very much a Wundtian, and dedicated to Wundt, this was — after Wundt's 1873-74 Grundzüge der physiologischen Psychologie — the next great textbook of experimental psychology, notably absent from which is any discussion of cognition, of which there were not yet any experiments to report. This was just the lacuna that Külpe's imageless school of thought at Würzburg was to occupy. See Boring's extended discussion in his History of Experimental Psychology.
Wellcome III, p 440 (this edition); Hirsch III, p. 593. The final edition of an influential period mechanist physiology and physiological psychology. Lamy was a member of the Paris Faculty of Medicine. The first part deals with sensation and the second with the passions.
Professor of Anatomy at the University of Oregon Medical School, Larsell made significant contributions to knowledge of the structure and function of cerebellum.
Zusne p. 153. First published in English in 1897 as Contributions to the Analysis of the Sensations, but with about half the length of the 1914 translatoin.Mach's principal contribution to psychology. "The Study of form perception begins with The Analysis of the Sensations, for, by making space a sensation that was correlated with the physical world, Mach made it amenable to scientific study. … Mach's seminal ideas concerning the nature of form were developed by the school of form qualities, a transitional stage between Mach and the Gestalt psychologists." [Zusne p. 153].
Contains a 62 page bibliography.
The foundation text for developmental psychology in particular and modern child psychology in general. The English translation of the second part, dealing with the intellect, appeared the following year in Harris's series.Professor of physiology at Jena, Preyer was born in England, received his PhD in physiology from the University of Heidelberg in 1862 and his MD from the University of Bonn in 1866. He researched color vision and hearing, invented the sound helmet for studying the localization of sound, and wrote two books on sound perception in the 1870s, after which he studied sleep, which in turn got him interested in hypnosis. He translated Braid into German in 1882 and wrote two books on the subject. His interest in hypnosis led him to inquire into the origins of psychological functions and thus the question of child development. Die Seele des Kindes "may be considered the first textbook of developmental psychology. It presented observations on the development of a child, arranged by topic (sensory, motor, intellectual development, and the like). The observations made by Preyer were not as rigorously controlled as those made later by others. Also, being a Darwinian, he considered development to be merely a biological process. Nevertheless, Preyer's book provided the greatest single impetus to the development of modern ontogenetic psychology. It served as a textbook for a long time." [Zusne, Biographical Dictionary of Psychology, page 347.]
Written in German but published only in English. An important book on tactile space perception and the aesthetics of touch.
Osier & Wozniak A Century of Serial Publications in Psychology #114. Contains E. W. Scripture. On mean values for direct measurements.—J. Allen Gilbert. Researches on the mental and physical development of school children.—Scripture. Remarks on Dr. Gilbert's article.—Scripture & Howard F. Smith. Experiments on the highest audible tone.—Scripture, Theodate L. Smith & Emily M. Brown. On the education of muscular control and power.—Scripture. A psychological method of determining the blind-spot.—Scripture. Tests of mental ability as exhibited in fencing.Scripture, who had gotten his PhD from Wundt in 1891 with a thesis on the association of ideas, was brought to Yale in 1892 by Ladd as an instructor in experimental psychology. In charge of the laboratory from the start and its director 1898-1903, Scripture founded the Studies, which ceased publication in 1902 after ten volumes. One of the earliest English-language serials completely devoted to experimental psychology, the Studies published 45 papers in its ten years, of which 23 were authored or co-authored by Scripture, with the rest being written by other researchers in the laboratory. See Boring's A History of Experimental Psychology, 2nd ed., pp. 527-528.
A long-lived laboratory manual that was still being used 20 years later.
GM 607. "Wagner was professor at Göttingen. His literary output was enormous. In the above work he contributed the sections on sympathetic nerves, nerve-ganglia, and nerve-endings. This work contained 63 extensive review articles from 30 authors" [GM].Contains E. H. Weber's Der Tastsinn und das Gemeingefühl (Band 3, 2. Abt., pp. 481-588), GM 1459, one of the great papers in the history of psychology & the foundation for all subsequent work on the sense of touch as well as somesthetic sensibility. Also contains contributions by Lotze (on vision), A. W. Volkmann (vision), F. W. Hagen (psychology & psychiatry), & J. E. Purkinje (on sleep, dreams, and waking states). Hagen's, Volkmann's & Purkinje's papers are all cited by Freud in Die Traumdeutung (Strachey's Bibliography A).
DSB XI:199-201; GM 1457; not in the Norman Catalogue (which means he never found a decent copy to buy); not in Heirs of Hippocrates; not in Waller; Boring's History of Experimental Psychology, 2nd ed., pp. 110-113; Zusne's Biographical Dictionary of Psychology, p. 454; Wozniak Mind and Brain ##37 & page 38. Weber "introduced new methods of measuring sensitivity, establishing perception as an experimental rather than an observational discipline. Working initially with the discrimination of lifted weights, Weber demonstrated that the smallest appreciable difference was a constant fraction of their actual weights. … [He went on to propose] a general law of discrimination that applied to all modalities but with fractions specific to the judgments involved. … He introduced the use of calipers to measure two-point thresholds on the skin surface and found that sensitivity varied enormously, with greatest sensitivity around the lips and least on the trunk. The magnitude of the thresholds depended on the areas of the skin stimulated, which led Weber to introduce the concept of sensory circles—areas on the skin surface that can result in the stimulation of a single peripheral nerve. … His work represents a distinct shift in the psychology of perception from philosophy towards physiology, from speculation to experimentation, and from qualitative to quantitative approaches" [Nicholas J. Wade, Perception and Illusion, pp. 137-138]%%"Whereas Purkyne had shown the value of applying the experimental method to the phenomenology of sensation, Weber extended the approach beyond experimentation to quantification" [Wozniak, p. 38].Weber spent his entire professional career at the University of Leipzig, where in 1817 he qualified as docent with a thesis on the comparative anatomy of the nervus sympathicus, was appointed the following year professor extraordinarius of comparative anatomy, and in 1821 was nominated to the chair of human anatomy, which in 1840 was joined with physiology. Though the bulk of the present work is devoted to the sense of touch (pages 44-175), in De pulsu Weber "showed that the pulse is a wave in the arteries caused by the heart action and that its propagation … is much faster than the flow of blood …" [DSB XI, p. 200]. He more fully developed the ideas first broached here in De tactu in his 1846 "Der Tastsinn und das Gemeingefühl", published as the section on touch in Wagner's Handwörterbuch der Physiologie. De tactu and "Der Tastsinn" were translated into English in 1978.
Wade Perception and Illusion: Historical Perspectives, pp. 110-113 & 116-118; Boring Sensation and Perception in the History of Experimental Psychology, pp. 285-287; Zusne Biographical Dictionary of Psychology, p. 460; Zone Stereoscopic Cinema and the Origins of 3-D Film, 1838-1952, p. 12 et seq.; DSB XIV: 289-291. The first description of stereopsis. Wheatstone had invented in 1832 two kinds of stereoscope, one using reflecting mirrors and the other refracting prisms. In this paper he described and illustrated only the mirror stereoscope. This is also the first appearance of the word in print: "The frequent reference I shall have occasion to make to this instrument, will render it convenient to give it a specific name, I therefore propose that it be called a Stereoscope, to indicate its property of representing solid figures" [page 374]. Not many papers are the undisputed origin of important developments in unrelated fields, but this is one, for both the history of 3-D movies and experimentation in the psychophysiology of vision date from Wheatstone's paper. As Nicholas J. Wade observed, "The stereoscope, perhaps more than any other invention, ushered in the era of experimentation to vision" [p. 116]. In his 2007 book Ray Zone cites Wheatstone's paper as the beginning of the tradition that led to 3-D movies.Although he had no scientific training and his background was in the construction of musical instruments, Wheatstone "was an experimenter and pioneering inventor in acoustics, optics, electricity, and telegraphy" [DSB]. He was appointed to the chair of experimental philosophy at King's College, London in 1834 at the age of 32. He wrote no books and published most of his discoveries in the Philosophical Transactions.
GM 1570.
GM-5 1463 (citing the journal appearances but mistakenly omitting the book); Heirs of Hippocrates 1981; Wozniak Mind and Body #40 & pp. 41-42; DSB XIV. Wundt's second—and first psychological—book, consisting of six papers originally published in the Zeitschrift für rationelle Medicin 1858-1862 (in vols. 4, 7, 12, 14, 15). For their publication in book form Wundt added an important 22 page introduction, "Ueber die Methoden in der Psychologie," in which he stressed—in quite modern-sounding terms—the need for psychology to be empirical and based on induction.Section 2: Sensation: Non-antiquarian Books
- "Carrying out much of his experimental work in his own home and on his own time, Wundt began the study of sense perception that led to a series of publications collected, in 1872, as his Beiträge zur Theorie der Sinneswahrnehmung. … In these articles, Wundt provided the basics of a psychological theory of the perception of space (including some discussion of the need for unconscious inference, apparently arrived at in independence of Helmholtz [whose assistant at Heidelberg Wundt was], reviewed the history of theories of vision, analyzed the psychological function of sensations arising from visual accomodation and eye movement, presented the results of experiments on binocular contrast effects and stereoscopic fusion, and argued, contra Herbart, that the content of consciousness at a given instant always consists of a single, unconsciously integrated percept.
- Although the body of the Beiträge is important in its own right for exemplifying the direction that Wundt' work was taking, it is his introduction on method, written specifically for the Beiträge, which marked the emergence of Wundt's plan for an experimental psychology. Rejecting a metaphysical foundation for psychology, Wundt argued for the need to transcend the limitations of the direct study of consciousness through the use of genetic, comparative, statistical, historical, and, particularly, experimental methods. Only in this way, he suggested, would it be possible to come to a needed understanding of conscious phenomena as 'complex products of the unconscious mind' (p. xvi)" [Wozniak pp. 41-42].
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