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Section 3: Philosophical Psychology (O-Y)
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Hall's first book.
Hall received the first American PhD in psychlogy (1878, Johns Hopkins under William James); founded the 2nd American psychological laboratory at Hopkins in 1883, and another at Clark in 1889; was president and professor of psychology at Clark Univeristy 1889-1920; was the first president and founding member of the American Psychological Association; founded in 187 the American Journal of Psychology, the first American pyschological journal and the first purely psychological journal in English; brought Janet & Ramon y Cajal to lecture at Clark's 10th birthday celebration, and Freud and Jung in 1909 to lecture at Clark's bidecennial celebration; pioneered developmental psychology in the United States (called by Hall "genetic psychology"); published in 1904 the first large-scale study of adolescence and introduced the concept of adolescence as a discreet developmental stage. See Zusne's Biographical Dictionary of Psychology, p. 168 and Noel Sheehy et al's Biographical Dictionary of Psychology, pp. 251-252.
Hamilton's first book, republished in 1886 as Mental Science, and again 13 years later as The Perceptionalist, his original choice for a title. "Hamilton derives from Scottish philosphy, but makes an advance upon it by constructive, original, independent thinking" [Fay p. 159].
Argues for a correlative psycho-physical interactionism, a compromise between parallelism and interactionism. Han was In 1922 Associate Professor of Psychology and Logic in the National University of Peking.
NUC locates only 1 copy at NNU-W; OCLC locates only 2 copies of the 1949 reprint, at Rice Univ and the Czech National Library, and 1 copy of the 1849 3rd edition at the Bavarian State Library. None of the editions is in the Widener Shelflist of Philosophy & Psychology. The Austrian National Library has a copy. The Bohemian Ignác Jan Hanus was a Hegelian professor of philosophy at the University of Lemberg (i.e., Lvov) from 1836 to 1848, then in Prague from 1849 to 1852.
Professor of philosophy at the University of Berlin, Harms's main interest was psychology.
Seven papers including Bowlby's "The Self-Reliant Personality: Some Conditions That Promote It"; and Michael Argyle's "Personality and Social Behavior."
Norman Catalog 1003; Rieber Catalog 189; Diamond 13.8 & 22.7; Boring 1950 pp. 193-99; Wozniak Mind & Body #29, p.33. The foundation text for association psychology, often regarded as the first physiological psychology, since Hartley "consistently and consecutively stated his propositions in mental and physical terminology" [Zusne, p. 42].Hartley's most influential book — although its influence lay in the 19th rather than the 18th century, the first edition attracting little notice. Hartley's views on sensation were taken directly from Newton's Principia, while his theory of vibrations was inspired by the latter's Optics. Both physiological psychology and associationism derive from this book.
Volume 3 is titled Notes and Additions to Dr. Hartley's Observations on Man by Herman Andrew Pistorius … Translated from the German original … to which is prefixed a Sketch of the Life and Character of Dr. Hartley. Also published in a single 4to volume and reprinted in 1801. This is the best and most complete edition, restoring the important section on the theory of vibrations which Priestley had deleted from his 1775 edition.Hartley's most influential book - although its influence lay in the 19th rather than the 18th century, the first edition attracting little notice. Hartley's views on sensation were taken direct from Newton's Principia, while his theory of vibrations was inspired by the latter's Optics. Both physiological psychology and associationism derive from this book.
A neo-Herbartian Dutch philosopher, Hartsen was an early continental European philosopher to develop a serious interest in Darwinian evolution. He corresponded some with Darwin and sent him in 1868 part of his Grundlegung von Aesthetik, a book published in 1869. Hartsen also edited the Utrecht neuropsychiatrist Schroeder van der Kolk's posthumous 1863 book, Handboek van de pathologie en therapie der krankzinnigheid.
An argument for mind-body dualism presented through critical discussions of the work of Lotze (2-8), Flourens (9-31), Pflüger (34-44), Goltz (45-61 & 241-262), Hitzig (64-95), Munk (95-240).
Hazard's first book and a significant early American treatise on language. Published anonymously.
Contains: Band 1/1: 1) Ueber das Verhältniss der Naturwissenschaften zur Gesammtheit der Wissenschaft. 2) Ueber Goethe's naturwissenschaftliche Arbeiten. 3) Ueber die physiologischen Ursachen der musikalischen Harmonie. 4) Eis und Gletscher. [with colored woodcuts of glaciers]. Band 1/2: 1. Die neueren Fortschritte in der Theorie des Sehens: Der optische Apparat des Auges. Die Gesichtsempfindungen. Die Gesichtswahrnehmungen. 2) Ueber die Wechselwirkung der Naturkräfte und die darauf bezüglichen neueren Ermittelungen der Physik. 3) Ueber die Erhaltung der Kraft. 4) Ueber das Ziel und die Fortschritte der Naturwissenschaft. Band 2: 1) Ueber den Ursprung und die Bedeutung der geometrischen Axiome. 2) Zum Gedächtnis an Gustav Magnus. 3) Ueber die Entstehung des Planetensystems. 4) Optisches über Malerei: Die Formen. Helligkeitsstufen. Die Farbe. Die Farbenharmonie. 4) Wirbelstürme und Gewitter. 5) Das Denken in der Medizin. 6) Ueber die akademische Freiheit der deutschen Universitäten. 7) Die Thatsachen in der Wahrnehmung + Beilagen: I. Ueber die Localisation der Empfindungen innerer Organe; II. Der Raum kann transcendental sein, ohne dass es die Axiome sind; III. Die Anwendbarkeit der Axiome auf die physische Welt. 8) Die neuere Entwickelung von Faraday's Ideen über Elektricität. 9) Ueber die elektrischen Maasseinheiten nach den Berathungen des elektrischen Congresses, versammelt zu Paris 1881. 10) Kritisches: I. Induction und Deduction. Vorrede zum zweiten Theile des ersten Bandes der Uebersetzung von W. Thomson's und Tait's "Treatise on Natural Philosophy". II. Ueber das Streben nach Popularisirung der Wissenschaft. Vorrede zur Uebersetzung von J. Tyndall's "Fragments of Science". 11) Kritische Beilage: Zöllner contra Tyndall.
The last edition (following the text of the 1896 fourth edition).
- Differs quite a bit from the first edition (1865-1884). Contains Band I: Erinnerungen (1891). Ueber Goethes naturwissenschaftliche Arbeiten (1853). Nachschrift (1875). Ueber die Wechselwirkung der Naturkräfte und die darauf bezüglichen neuesten Ermittelungen der Physik (1854). Ueber das Sehen des Menschen (1855). Ueber die physiologischen Ursachen der musikalischen Harmonie (1857). Ueber das Verhältnis der Naturwissenschaften zur Gesammtheit der Wissenschaften (1862). Ueber die Erhaltung der Kraft (1862/63). Eis und Gletscher (1865). Die neueren Fortschritte in der Theorie des Sehens (1868). Ueber das Ziel und die Fortschritte der Naturwissenschaft. Eröffnungsrede für die Naturforscherversammlung zu Innsbruck (1869). Appendix with extensions to "Ueber die Wechselwirkung der Naturkräfte" and "Eis und Gletscher."
- Band II: Ueber den Ursprung und die Bedeutung der geometrischen Axiome (1870). Zum Gedächtniss an Gustav Magnus (1871).Ueber die Entstehung des Planetensystems (1871). Optische über Malerei (1871 bis 1873).Wirbelstürme und Gewitter (1875). Das Denken in der Medizin (1877). Ueber die akademische Freiheit der deutschen Universitäten (1877). Die Thatsachen in der Wahrnehmung (1878). Die neuere Entwickelung von Faraday's ideen über Elektricität (1881). Ueber die elektrischen Maasseinheiten nach den Berathungen des elektrischen Congresses, versammelt zu Paris 1881. Antwortrede, gehalten beim Empfang der Graefe-Medaille. Heidelberg, den 9. August 1886. Addresses on Josef Frauenhofer, Goethe, and Heinrich Hertz. Additions and expansions to a number of the papers.
David Smith, Bibliography of Helvetius E.1B, page 121 and his intricate discussion of the book's publication and suppression, pages 105-114. Also see his earlier "The Publication of Helvetius' De L'esprit (1758-9)," Yale French Studies 18:332-344. The great 18th century argument for environmentalism. Immediately banned, De l'esprit became an ideological causes celebres of the 18th century and greatly influenced Bentham's formulation of utilitarianism. Helvetius maintained along with Condillac that all forms of intellectual activity have their origin in sensation; in ethics he judged the good in terms of self-satisfaction, regarding self-interest as the sole motive for action.
- Tercier, the censor appointed by Malesherbes, directeur de la Librarie, OKed the book for publication, possibly without ever reading it, and the book was granted an approbation and privilège, allowing Helvetius to claim he had done all the law required. Printing must have been finished by late June, 1758, at which time Charles Alexandre Salley, a book-trade inspector, alerted Malesherbes to the book's anti-religious bent. Malesherbes immediately revoked its privilège and ordered Durand either to suspend or delay publication (the French "suspendre" can mean either). Only a handful of these first issue copies were released and Smith thinks it quite possible no copies were offered for sale (p. 111), in which case what he calls the first issue is really a first state with uncancelled sheets. A new censor was appointed, now known to have been abbé Jean-Jacques Barthélemy. He "cut surprisingly little, indeed only the most blatant attacks on the Church and its dogma, notably a long note in the first chapter showing that many saints and Church fathers had contested the spirituality of the soul." [Smith p. 112]. Helvetius then wrote harmless passages of the same length as those cut, with Barthélemy vetting the new material. The 2nd issue was finally put on sale on 27 July, 1758. In short order the Queen and Dauphin complained, not least because the work was printed by their official printer. Malesherbes promptly ordered the book withdrawn from sale and on 10 August cancelled its privilège. Helvetius was forced by the Queen to write a retraction in mid-August, and again by his mother in late August to write a much more abject disavowal of his work.
- Naturally all this notoriety only ensured that this was now a must-read book. "Publishers both inside and outside France were quick to bring out illicit editions" [Smith p. 113]. Even Durand, who probably printed the second quarto edition, also 1758, may have printed as well the 3-volume 12mo 1758 edition (Smith's E.3) with the Amsterdam imprint of Arkstée & Merkus, with whom Durand had a commercial relationship.
Clandestine re-issue of the text of the 1st edition with line 1 of page 5 reading 'mon ', preceded by the very rare suppressed first edition, only a few copies of which were printed and distributed to friends, and the censored 2nd edition. See D. W. Smith's "The Publication of Helvetius' De L'esprit (1758-9)", Yale French Studies 18: 332-344. Durand had had the foresight to hide the type for the first edition, which allowed him to produce this slightly altered clandestine edition.The great 18th century argument for environmentalism. Immediately banned, De l'esprit became an ideological causes celebres of the 18th century and greatly influenced Bentham's formulation of utilitarianism. Helvetius maintained along with Condillac that all forms of intellectual activity have their origin in sensation; in ethics he judged the good in terms of self-satisfaction, regarding self-interest as the sole motive for action.
Diamond 4.4, 17.4, and 20.6.
Immediately banned, De l'esprit — the only book of Helvetius published in his lifetime — caused an uproar. Brett notes that Helvetius "developed the positivism of La Mettrie in the direction of social anthropology" and sees La Mettrie as "probably responsible for the general tendency exhibited by Helvetius." [Brett's History of Psychology, abridged version, pp. 524 & 522]. Helvetius' subject is decidedly not "mind," though that is how his untranslatable title got rendered in English, but man as a social unit construed as an intellectual, moral, and political creature. It is no wonder then that Beccaria said that Helvetius was the inspiration for his legal and penal reforms. Diamond regards Helvetius as an unacknowledged forerunner of Watsonian behaviorism and as anticipating the 20th century focus on interests in vocational counseling.
During his lifetime most of Hemsterhuis's works were printed anonymously for private circulation. In this, his most important book and the basis for the later Platonic dialogues that influenced the Romantics, he elaborated a dualist philosophy like Descartes's but combined it with an empiricist-sensationalist theory of perception that probably derived from Locke & Condillac. Hemsterhuis here elaborates ideas first broached in his 1765 Lettre sur la sculpture and 1769 Lettre sur les désirs. In the former he argued that the essence of the aesthetic experience is the longing to unite with the art object, which idea he generalized in the letter on desire into a theory of ethics. "Through sensory perception man receives an image of what exists in reality. This image, however, is incomplete, and if man had other organs, he could perhpas see other aspects of reality. Through what Hemsterhuis calls the "moral organ" man is aware of an immediate feeling of his relationship with God. The moral organ is also responsible for the feeling of relation, rapport, that man has with thousands of other men, and the development of such relations is dependent on the perfection of the moral organ. This theory leads to an individualistic concept of man's duties, which is one of the reasons for Hemsterhuis' influence on the German philosophy of Sturm und Drang and romanticism.
A popularly-oriented late work emphasizing religious and ethical issues.
Norman Catalog 1055. The first of Herbart's two major treatises on psychology. Like Kant whose chair he held at Königsburg, Herbart denied the possibility of psychological experiment. Nonetheless, he conceived of psychology as an empirical enterprise, which ultimately brought it within the domain of science with the work of Fechner and Wundt.Norman Catalog: "Herbart defined psychology as the mechanics of the mind and believed that mental processes could be described with mathematical exactness; in fact, he pioneered the use of mathematical models in psychological theory. He believed that ideas were independently active, and struggled with one another to cross the threshold into consciousness; ideas repressed during this struggle would then strive to re-emerge as memories. Herbart thus introduced concepts of suppression which reappear in Freud's theories of the unconscious, and anticipated current theories of memory and forgetting by interactive inhibition."
Herbart's first philosophical book preceded only by his 1805 pamphlet, Kurze Darstellung eines Plans zu philosophischen Vorlesungen. Herbart's earliest publications, from the beginning of the first decade of the 19th century, all concerned Pestalozzi and pedagogy.
Contends that universal resentment was the cause of the mid-twentieth century's barbarism and that the responsibility for it was shared by the whole of Western civilization.
Fay page 120; Wozniak Mind & Body: Renè Descartes to William James p. 50 & #53.
One of the most important pre-Jamesian psychological texts and the second significant American contribution to epistemology (after Jonathan Edwards). In our experience the first edition is quite rare. Persius, "generally considered to be America's first systematic philosopher, was born in Bethel, Connecticut and educated at Union College, where he served as Professor of Mental and Moral Pilosophy from 1855-1866 and as President from 1866 to his retirement in 1868. The fundamental principle on which Hickock based his philosophical system was the essential compatibility of rational and empirical modes of thought. Whereas ideas are tested in the empirical domain by their experimental consequences and in the rational domain by their internal coherence, properly carried out, both methods will lead to the same facts and principles and neither approach should be neglected in favor of the other. In keeping with this principle, Hickock published both a Rational Psychology (1849) and, in 1854, an Empirical Psychology" [Wozniak p. 50].
Facsimile reprint of the Macmillan 1914 edition.
Holt's book is an important connection between Freudianism and academic psychology.
The author was professor of philosophy at Galway.
A useful period reference for commonplace behavioral science concepts.
Hunter & Macalpine p. 335. Born in Ireland, Hutcheson was educated at Glasgow University before his return to Ireland in 1718. In the 1720s he produced four treatises that were profoundly to affect the course of British philosophy: the first two appearing in 1725 in his best known work, An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue; the second two appearing in 1728 in the present book. The two works secured his election as Professor of Moral Philosophy in Glasgow in 1729. Hutcheson seriously influenced the ideas of Hume, with whom he correspondend in the late 1730s and 1740s. Adam Smith and Thomas Reid were both students. "In his Essay … Hutcheson refined his moral psychology. offering a kind of phenomenology of the internal modifications and the ideas they provoke. In the appended Illustrations upon the Moral Sense, he not only addressed criticism of his theory but also endeavoured to show that rival systems, like those proposed by the rationalists, depended on a moral sense for their coherence" [Dictionary of Eighteenth Century British Philosophers 1: 456].An important contribution to moral theory, supplementing the discussion of morality in his 1725 Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue. Considerably influenced the Scottish 'Common Sense' philosophers. "Hutcheson was interested in the psychological aspects of temperament and emotion and the effect of the 'Association of Ideas' in rousing and maintaining feelings, even when 'contrary to Reason', and showed that they 'were not so much in our Power, as some seem to imagine', a fact which could account for a whole range of psychological responses, from normal to pathological." [HM].
Double issue, "Psychologisches Heft". Contains Carl Müller-Braunschweig "Über das Verhältnis der Psychoanalyse zur Philosophie"; Edoardo Weiß "Die psychologischen Ergebnisse der Psychoanalyse"; J. Harnik "Die triebhaft-affektiven Momente im Zeitgefühl"; A. Furrer "Über die Bedeutung der 'B' im Rorschachschen Versuch"; Alice Sperber "Über die seelischen Ursachen des Alterns, der Jugendlichkeit und der Schönheit"; M. Wulff: Die Koketterie in psychoanalytischer Betrachtung"; Aurel Kolnai "Max Schelers Kritik und Würdigung der Freudschen Libidolehre"; Imre Hermann: 'Der Mensch und seine Welt'. Aus der Psychologie des ungarischen Philosophen Karl Böhm"; Imre Hermann "Fortschritte der Psychoanalyse 1920-1923. Normalpsychologische Grenzfragen."
James writes "Dear Hodgson [i.e., Richard Hodgson], I enclose a check for Associateship [in the Society for Psychical Research] from Mrs. (or Miss) Ida M. Finnig of Lambertville, N.J. who wants 'everything to which she is entitled for that sum.' Does that include the last Proceedings? yours W. J." ["W. J." was the signature James used only with familiars].
The famous Briefer Course, James' own condensation of his Principles of Psychology.
Wozniak catalog #62.
The greatest book ever published on the psychology of religion.
Variorum edition giving variant readings from the two editions as well as passages from the 1828 edition omitted in the 1836 edition. Reprints in full the text of the expanded 1836 edition with the printer's errors corrected. In addition to his 126 page critical essay, Rynin supplied a useful introduction that includes a bibliography of Johnson's publications.Johnson's extraordinary book on semantics, though almost entirely ignored in its time, was probably the greatest American contribution to the philosophy of language until John Searle's Speech Acts.
Volume two reprints in its entirety Johnson's Elementa Philosophica, the first textbook of philosophy published in America, and also contains as an introduction Herbert Schneider's important essay "The Mind of Samuel Johnson." Of equal importance for the early history of American philosophy and psychology, Johnson spread both Locke's and Berkeley's ideas in America and helped initiate the 18th century American enlightenment. "Johnson's writings are an important source for the condition of philosophy in pre-Revolution America and for the changes it underwent owing to the impact of eighteenth-century English thought" [Encyclopedia of Philosophy IV: 290].
At the time Josey was Assistant Professor of Psychology at Dartmouth College; from 1923 on he was Professor of Philosophy & Psychology at the University of South Dakota.
Kamler was Professor of Philosophy at Eastern Michigan University.
Wozniak Mind and Body #32 and pp. 34-35; Warda 195.
- Kant's major contribution to the nascent disciplines of psychiatry & psychology in which he classified the mental diseases and analyzed sensation, imagination, & feeling, concluding that the study of man could not be scientific since it was not mathematizable.
- A bona fide psychological treatise, "[l]ong ignored, probably in part because of its pronounced sympathy for a soon to be discredited physiognomy, the Anthropologie is, nonetheless, a fascinating little book. Here Kant analyzes the nature of the cognitive powers, feelings of pleasure and displeasure, affects, passions, and character in the context of a denial of the possibility of an empirical science of conscious process. The Anthropologie went through two editions during Kant's lifetime and several later printings and helped to define the context within which not only Herbart and Fechner but phenomenologically oriented physiologists such as Purkyne, Weber, and Müller worked to establish the science of conscious phenomena that Kant was unable to envision" [Wozniak, page 35].
Contains Rychlak's "The Case for a Modest Revolution in Modern Psychological Science"; Weick's "Psychology as Gloss"; Scarr's "Comments on Psychology: Behavior Genetics and Social Policy from an Antireductionist"; Roger Brown's "Cognitive Categories"; Pribram's "Psychology as a Science"; Toulmin's "Toward Reintegration: An Agenda for Psychology's Second Century."
English physician, chemist, and geologist, Kidd became Reader in Chemistry at Oxford in 1801 and in 1803 was elected the first Aidrichian Professor of Chemistry. He then voluntarily gave lectures on mineralogy and geology, which introduced William Conybeare, William Buckland, Charles Daubeny, and others to geology. Through his efforts the first geological chair (held by Buckland) was established at Oxford. In 1818 he was elected a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and in 1822 Regius Professor of Medicine at Oxford. In 1834 he was appointed keeper of the Radcliffe Library and in delivered in the same year the Harveian Oration before the Royal College of Physicians.
Cordasco 30-0531.
Kremers' thesis at Nijmegen (also issued the same year as a thesis) attempts to answer the question whether advanced students of psychology do or do not have a superior practical ability to judge other people as compared to persons without psychological expertise.
Facsimile reprint of the 1912 first edition in English, which reprints the French text of a Leyden printing the same year as the first with typographical errors corrected with English translation and historical notes by Frank Bunker Gilbreth (1868-1924) based on the 1865 Assézat edition, translation revised by Mary Whiton Calkins (1863-1930).
Contains chapters on psychology and the self; the self and the body; the self as feeling; as will; the psychical and purposive; the primacy of practical reason; the self as knower; the unity and continuity of the self; multiple personality; discussions of the self as substance in modern philosophy; the soul.
Contributions by Adrian, Brain, Penfield, Ayer, Ryle, Sherrington and others.
Contains 13 papers: J. B. Rhine "Parapsychology and Man"; B. Richard Bugelski "Reism and the Status of Mind in Scientific Psychology"; Ludwig von Bertalanffy "Body, Mind, and Values"; Joseph Wilder "Psychoanalysis and Values"; Abraham Edel "Some Psychological Presuppositions of the Concept of Virtue: A Case in the Relation of Science and Ethics"; Hermann Wein "Freedom and the Meaning of Mind"; Larry Holmes "Automata, Purpose, and Value"; Murray Greene "Hegel and Hypnosis: Psychological Science and the Spirit"; Hermann Tennessen "On Free Agents and Causality"; Kenneth E. Haas "Persons: Private and Public"; Ruth Macklin "The Language of Actions"; James T. King "Ethics and Uniformity"; Edward Sayles "Ethical Relativsm and the Concept of a Moral Judgement." Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Value Inquiry.
First published in French as a letter to Bolingbroke in Recueil de divers écrites sur l'amour et l'amitié, la politesse, la volupté, les sentimens agréables, l'esprit et le coeur. According to Brunet, first published separately as a book in 1743 by Lévesque's brother, but we can find no record of it. Published in 1749 both in Geneva and Paris as Theorie des sentimens agreables, from which the present work was translated. Reprinted a number of times in both French and English, with an American edition appearing in Boston in 1812, and translated into German in 1751.A book that greatly influencd both Hume and Adam Smith. "Equally learned in science, mathematics, and literature, Lévesque de Pouilly had been one of the earliest interpreters of Newtonianism in France, later visiting England, where he became the friend of Sir Isaac himself. He was also the friend of Lord Bolingbroke, and in 1720, during that statesman's exile in France, had guided him through a course of study in philosophy. Bolingbroke's Substance of Some Letters, Written originally in French, about the Year 1720, to Mr. de Pouilly was not published, however, until 1754. For his part, Pouilly published in 1736 a letter, originally written to Bolingbroke, under the title Theorie des sentimens agréables. This aesthetic and ethical work in the tradition of Shaftesbury, Dubos, and Hutcheson would certainly have been agreeable to David Hume; and it is worth noting that the manuscript would have been in the final stages of completion at the time of Hume's stay in Rheims" [Mossner The Life of David Hume, p. 97].
First edition with this title, enlarged and mostly rewritten. As one would expect with Lewes, as much a history of philosophical psychology (from Lewes' positivist point of view) as a history of philosophy.
Wozniak Mind & Body: Renè Descartes to William James #10. Largely devoted to discussion of the nervous system, animal automatism, and the reflex theory.The classic formulation of dual-aspect monism. Lewes held that mental and physical descriptions were not intertranslatable and, thus, that the psychological was not reducible to the physical.
Wozniak Mind & Body: Renè Descartes to William James #10.
Published posthumously and probably the scarcest of the volumes in the series.
GM #4967. PMM #164; Wozniak Mind & Body #27 (all the first edition); Yolton 64; Oxford Companion to Philosophy, p. 62 ("associationism"); Brett History of Psychology, 2: 262-263 and Diamond Roots of Psychology 12.3 (both the 4th edition). The penultimate lifetime edition, the last lifetime edition issued with the frontis portrait, and—other than the first—the most important edition, for it is in this edition that Locke added the chapter on the association of ideas (Book II Chapter XXXIII), as well as a chapter on enthusiasm. Locke's chapter title—though not his actual discussion of the subject—is the origin of associationism, as elaborated much later by Hartley, Hume, James Mill, and Bain and, mistaken interpretation or not, is consensually regarded as the Ursprung of experimental psychology as opposed to merely speculative philosophical psychology.The foundation text for empirical psychology and the beginning of British empiricism. One of the great books in the history of thought. Of this 4th edition Diamond wrote: "Locke, who was too reasonable a man to be even a thoroughgoing empiricist …, was not at all an associationist. Association had no part in the original Essay, but in the fourth edition he added a chapter pointing to the chance 'connexion of ideas' (probably his rendering of 'liaison des idées,' which he would have met in Malebranche) as a major source of error in thinking. The more fortunate phrase, association of ideas, occurs only in the chapter title and is perhaps derived from the word consociatione which Molyneux used in the Latin edition which was being prepared simultaneously and for which the chapter was indeed written. In time, however, this phrase became so rivetted to Locke's name that the later associationists came to look upon him as their founder" [Diamond p. 281].
GM #4967. PMM #164; Wozniak Mind & Body #27 (all the first edition); Yolton 65. The last lifetime edition.The foundation text for empirical psychology and the beginning of British empiricism. One of the great books in the history of thought.
Yolton page 348. Arranged for publication by his literary executors Anthony Collins and Peter King.
Yolton #368.
A semiotic dream theory based on Carnap, Morris, & Jung.
Translation begun by Hamilton (William Hamilton's daughter) and completed by Jones.
Lotze's grand attempt to integrate mid-19th century mechanism into a metaphysical scheme that accounted for ethics and free will. "For Lotze there are three realms of observations: the realm of fact, the realm of universal law, and the realm of values. These realms are only logically separable; they cannot be separated in reality. Fact and law are the means, the mechanisms, by which values are attained in this world; they are also the means by which men discover that certain values are foolish, contradictory, unrealizable, or in other words, false. … Lotze ultimately accepted a variant of Leibnizian monadism as a correct interpretation of experience. There is no single unity or oneness to experience. Direct experience reveals an irreducible multiplicity of things. Reality is always in flux, always involving constant doing and suffering. However, the flux, the doing, and the suffering, occur within a fixed order, a pre-estabished harmony between God and the multitude of spirits" [Edwards. Encyclopedia of Philosophy 5:88].
Lovell was Associate Professor of Psychology at the University of Sydney.
Lundholm was professor of psychology at Duke. The odd title derives from the Old Testament account of mann's creation. The book actually deals neither with religion nor ethics but with the psychology and philosophy of humankind. The main sections concern the empirical basis of the psychological self and an outline of conational psychology.
Zusne p. 153. Translated 1914 as Analysis of the Sensations.
Mach's principal contribution to psychology. "The Study of form perception begins with The Analysis of the Sensations, for, by making space a sensation that was correlated with the physical world, Mach made it amenable to scientific study. … Mach's seminal ideas concerning the nature of form were developed by the school of form qualities, a transitional stage between Mach and the Gestalt psychologists." [Zusne p. 153].
Zusne p. 153. First published in English in 1897 as Contributions to the Analysis of the Sensations, but with about half the length of the 1914 translatoin.
Mach's principal contribution to psychology. "The Study of form perception begins with The Analysis of the Sensations, for, by making space a sensation that was correlated with the physical world, Mach made it amenable to scientific study. … Mach's seminal ideas concerning the nature of form were developed by the school of form qualities, a transitional stage between Mach and the Gestalt psychologists." [Zusne p. 153].
Pages 6-38 deal with Freud.
Contains chapters on psychoanalytic propositions and psychoanalysis & responsibility.
Chapters on the concept of the unconscious in the history of philosophy; the unconscious in Freud; psychoanalysis & other disciplines (literature, sociology, anthropology, ethnology); the extension of the concept in Jung; a critique of the unconscious in science & philosophy.
Rieber Catalog #274. Abandoning his earlier adherence to Locke and Condillac, Maine de Biran argued here in his first psychological book that consciousness is maintained by will—something quite apart from a mere concatenation of sensations. Maine de Biran's emphasis on will and activity has remained an important theme in French psychology. Translated into English in 1929 as The Influence of Habit on the Faculty of Thinking.Few of Maine de Biran's writings were published during his lifetime, the first book collection not appearing until 1834, with Victor Cousin adding three additional volumes in 1841 under the title Oeuvres philosophiques de Maine de Biran. In 1859 E. Naville brought out the first definitive collection of his writings as Oeuvres inédites de Maine de Biran in three volumes, edited from manuscripts made available from Biran's son.
The fourth edition contains a 36 page preface in which Mansel responds to his critics.
Jessop p. 139 (under Hamilton, as is Mill's critique). Starting out as a review of Mill's 1865 book on Hamilton and originally published anonymously in The Contemporary Review, Mansel's essay turned into a defense both of Hamilton and of Mansel himself (referred to throughout the text as "Mr. Mansel"). Metz noted in his 1938 A Hundred Years of British Philosophy that Mill's criticism of Hamilton nearly dealt a death blow to Scottish realism (p. 38). Ordained a priest in 1845 and appointed in 1858 the first Waynfleet Professor of Moral Philosophy at Magdalen College, Oxford, Mansel introduced Hamilton's philosophy to England, and edited the works of both Reid and Hamilton. Mansel's defense ultimately rests on founding the distinctions between consciousness and its objects, between knowledge and belief, and between religion and philosophy on our intuitions. His last book published in his lifetime, this stands as an important defense of Scottish realism against Millian empiricism and positivism.
Enormously popular in Britain & America, Mason's is probably the most reprinted psychology book of the 18th & 19th centuries.
Intended as the 1967 George B. Pegram Lectures at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Since Maurois died before departing for the USA, Barzun delivered the lectures & prepared the text for publication.
McGill was Associate Professor of Psychology and Philospohy at Hunter College, NY City.
Diamond #12.9; Zusne #93.
Mill père's major contribution to philosophy and psychology. Mill's theory of association, based on Hume and Hartley, provided a psychological basis for Bentham's and John Stuart Mill's utilitarianism. Mill here attempted to found all mental phenomena on sensations, which could be either synchronous or successive.
Contains v. 1. The right and wrong of state interference with corporation and church property. The currency juggle. A few observations on the French revolution. Thoughts on poetry and its varieties. Professor Sedgwick's discourse on the studies of the University of Cambridge. Civilization. Aphorisms, a fragment. Armand Carrel. A prophecy. Writings of Alfred de Vigny. Bentham. Coleridge. Appendix—v. 2. M. de Tocqueville on democracy in America. Bailey on Berkeley's theory of vision. Michelet's history of France. The claims of labour. Guizot's essays and lectures on history. Early Grecian history and legend. Vindication of the French revolution of February 1848, in reply to Lord Brougham and others. Enfranchisement of women. Dr. Whewell on moral philosophy. Grote's history of Greece. Appendix—v. 3. Thoughts on parliamentary reform. Recent writers on reform. Bain's psychology. A few words on non-intervention. The contest in America. Austin on jurisprudence. Plato—v. 4. Endowments. Thornton on labour and its claims. Professor Leslie on the land question. Taine, de l'intelligence. Treaty obligations. Maine on village communities. Berkeley's life and writings. Grote's Aristotle. L'avere e l'imposta. Papers on land tenure.
Miller was professor of philosophy at Williams College. Largely devoted to analyses of the basic assumptions of Freudian psychoanalysis and Skinnerian behaviorism.
Moore was Associate Professor of Philosophy at Western Reserve University. Designed as an advanced textbook with considerable philosophical sophistication.
Moore was Associate Professor of Philosophy at Western Reserve University; Gurnee Assistant Professor of Psychology there. Designed as an advanced textbook with considerable philosophical sophistication. This second edition corrects the text, thoroughly revises the sections on Behaviorism, and adds sections on Gestalt Psychology and McDougall's Purposive Psychology. The revision was mostly done by Gurnee.
Based on lectures given in 1908 to the Newman Club at the University of California then modified for use in Moore's introductory philosophy course at Catholic University, where he was professor of psychology.
A valuable exposition of 19th century British & Continental philosophical and psychological thought.
Reprints the text of the 1847 second revised edition.
An early Italian Gestalt psychologist, Musatti succeeded Vittorio Benussi as head of the Psychology Institute of the University of Padua. In 1932 was one of the ten founders of the Italian Psychoanalytic Society. Forced out of teaching by the racial laws promulgated by the fascist regime, he worked as a labor psychologist at the Olivetti works; after the war he was given a chair in psychology at the University of Milan, where he founded the Milan Psychoanalytical Society and, with Servadio, Perotti, and Princess Lampedusa reconstituted the S.P.I, of which he was president for 10 years.
"The Herbartian School more or less strictly followed the master's doctrine that feeling is reducible to relations between ideas. An attempt to make this view acceptable in a new atmosphere is seen in J. W. Nahlowsky's Das Gefühlsleben (1862; second ed., 1884; third, 1907). The new point in this work was the union of the original doctrine with Lotze's conception of vital activity. The struggle of the presentations which Herbart formulated as a doctrine of conflicting or co-operating energies, added and subtracted mathematically, here loses its abstract nature and becomes a concrete exposition of desires and feelings. But the essence of the Herbartian doctrine is that presentations are original. Consequently, feelings are derivative, and must either depend on ideas or come into the circle of ideas, as it were, surreptitiously. Nahlowsky abandons the theoretical basis so far as to distinguish between lower and higher feelings — that is, between feelings as dependent on sensations (colours, sounds, and the like) and feelings dependent on ideas (aesthetic, moral). The former can only be treated physiologically, and if it is maintained that the physiological process, by increase or decrease of ativity, produces felt differences, it is no longer possible to avoid the argument that this doctrine requires for its completion a theory of the unconscious" [Brett III: 169-70].
Contains Malinowski's "Magic, Science and Religion"; Charles Singer's "Historical Relations of Religion and Science", Aliotta's "Science and Religion in the Nineteenth Century"; Eddington's "The Domain of Physical Science"; Needham's "Mechanistic Biology and the Religious Consciousness"; William Brown's "Religion and Psychology"; etc.
An influential book, the seventh edition of which appeared in 1970. A student of Dilthey and a teacher of Carnap (upon whom some have argued he exerted considerable influence), Nohl was a primary proponent of Dilthey's Lebensphilosophie, especially as applied to pedagogy.
Norborg was lecturer in philosophy at the University of Minnesota. Vande Kemp: "Relying heavily on the categories supplied by William James, Norborg demonstrates that there is a psychological uniqueness in Christian experience and that psychology of religionn must be rewritten in light of this uniqueness. Christian faith is differentiated from Christian experience. An excellent bibliography is included."Section 1: Philosophical Psychology (A-G)
Section 3: Philosophical Psychology (O-Y)
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