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John Gach Books, Inc. 10514 Marriottsville Road (Rear Building) PO Box 267 Randallstown, Maryland 21133 |
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John Gach Books, Inc. 10514 Marriottsville Road (Rear Building) PO Box 267 Randallstown, Maryland 21133 |
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Section 3: Philosophical Psychology (O-Y)
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Scottish realist and associationist theory of aesthetics, important in its day, in which the author strove to show that beauty is not a quality of things considered as existing apart from the mind. The article on 'beauty' in 19th century editions of the Encyclopedia Britannica by Francis Jeffrey derives principally from Alison's book.
A pioneer text in the psychology of education.
Wozniak Mind & Body: Renè Descartes to William James, pp. 17-18 & #14. A sequel to The Senses and the Intellect. The two remained the standard English psychological texts for a generation."Bain's work marked a turning point in the history of associationist psychology. Before Bain, the associationists' empiricist commitment to experience as the primary or only source of knowledge led to the neglect of movement and action in favor of the analysis of sensation. Even when motion was explicitly included in associationist accounts, as for example in the case of Thomas Brown, it was the sensory side of movement, the 'muscle sense,' rather than adaptive action that claimed attention. Bain, drawing heavily from Müller, brought the new physiology of movement into conjunction with an associationist account of mind" [Wozniak, p. 18].
The second part on induction also appeared the same year.
Facsimile reprint of the 1868 Appleton edition.
Wozniak Mind & Body #14. Bain's first book and the first modern textbook of psychology, The Senses and the Intellect dominated English psychology for decades.
OCLC loates three copies: UCLA; Catholic Univ of America; Kings College London. The first book on Oliveira Martins, called by the 11th Britannica "a remarkable study." Self-taught and almost unclassifable, Oliveria Martins was the leading figure in the late 19th century revival of Portugese letters, scholarship, and politics. Much influenced by German philosophy and inclined towards socialism, his works ranged across literature, poetry, reportage, economics (he became Minister of Finance in 1892), psychology, sociology, philosophy, Darwinian anthropology, politics, and, especially towards the end of his life, Iberian and Portugese history. In his remarkable series Biblioteca das Ciências Sociais (1879-1885), all of the books in which were written by him, he disseminated the results of his vast erudition to the Portugese public. Three of his historical works were translated into English—The History of Iberian Civilization (Oxford 1930); The Golden Age of Prince Henry the Navigator (London 1914); and The England of Today (London 1896).
The syllabus for his courses at Marischal College, Aberdeen, these are Beattie's lectures on psychology, economics, politics, logic, moral philosophy, and natural theology. With an excellent 36 page introduction by Roger J. Robinson.
14 papers including Alan Ryan's "The Nature of Human Nature in Hobbes and Rousseau"; Jeann-Marie Benoist's "Classicism Revisited: Human Nature and Structure in Lévi-Strauss and Chomsky"; Koestler's "The Limits of Ma and His Predicament"; David Bohm's "Human Nature as the Product of our Mental Models"; Raymond Williams's "Social Darwinism"; John Maynard Smith's "Can We Change Human Nature? The Evidence of Genetics"; Michael Chance's "The Dimensions of Our Social Behavior"; Liam Hudson's "The Limits of Human Intelligence"; Max Clowes's "Man the Creative Machine: A Perspective from Artificial Intelligence Research"; Terry Winograd's "The Processes of Language Understanding."
First published as "Le rêve" in Bull. de l'Institut General Psychologique, 1901, 97-122, this is Bergson's major presentation of his theory of dreams.
Gunter, Bergson Bibliography #102. Translation of Introduction à la métaphysique (Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale, 1903). Issued the same year by Putnam's in New York in an authorized translation by T. E. Hulme.
An important essay in which Bergson develops his theory of knowledge.
Translation of Introduction à la métaphysique (Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale, 1903).
Published without Berkeley's name on the title-pages. Volume two contains the third edition of A New Theory of Vision, with a separate title-page. Widely influential the New Theory is generally regarded as the most significant directly psychological text published in the 18th century.Written during his stay in Newport, Rhode Island, this is Berkeley's attempt to refute the materialism of the free-thinkers.
Based on Spinoza and the work of Constantin Brunner. Contains a chapter comparing Freud and Brunner.
Volume 1 part 1 deals with perception, part 2 with cognition and epistemology; volume 2 treats Feeling and affect.
Blake p. 58; Boring History of Experimental Psychology, 2nd ed., p. 211; DSB II: 286-87; Rieber catalog #54.A significant contribution both to associationist psychology and to the mind/body problem. Denying mechanical determinism, Bonnet argued "that the relation between mind and body indicates that the mind must operate in a physical organism, but survives it …" [Edwards (1972) p. I:345]. Virtually all Bonnet's philosophical and psychological ideas worked out in his later works are present, at least inchoately, here in the Essai, though his 1760 Essai de l'âme is probably more widely known.
Based on articles originally published in the Inquirer, Journal of Education, Jewish Chronicle, Jewish World, Occident, and American Israelite, this combines all of Mary Boole's interests in a single work, from logic and mathematical psychology, to spritualism and pedagogy.
Mary Boole's elementary exposition of the psychological basis of mathematics, primarily geometry and calculus, written deliberately in a style accessible to the general reader. Largely based, as the title suggests, on the pioneering work of her husband in mathematical logic.
Contains Chomsky's "Changing Perspectives on Knowledge and Use of Language"; Dennett's "The Logical Geography of Computational Approaches: A View from the East Pole"; Fodor's "Information and Association"; Dretske's "Aspects of Cognitive Representation"; Robert Cummins' "Inexplicit Information"; William G. Lycan's "Thoughts about Things"; Kent Bach's "Thought and Object: De re Representations and Relations"; Lynn Nadel et al's "The Neurobiology of Mental Representation"; Lance J. Rips' "Mental Muddles"; Alvin I. Goldman's "Constraints on Representation"; T. G. Bever's "The Aesthetic Basis for Cognitive Structures."
Unaccountably, left out of the Norman Catalog.
Norman Catalog 336 (this copy). Essentially volume 2 of Psychologie vom empirischen Stankpunkt."[I]n the present work … Brentano described the intuitive, phenomenoligcal process by which acts of consciousness are classified. Brentano's teachings were responsible for the emergence of both Gestalt psychology and the phenomenology of Edmund Husserl" [Norman Catalog].
Jessop page 105; Wozniak Mind & Body page 36; Hunter & Macalpine, pp. 752-3; Diamond 12.8. Perhaps the last truly important philosophical and psychological work from the Scottish Enlightenment and a book that profoundly influenced thinking in both fields, especially in 19th century America, the predominant philosophy & psychology of which was Scotch-realist until nearly the end of the century.Important in the development of association psychology, Brown solved the problem of objective reference by appealing to the felt resistance of muscular exertion. for the origin or our idea of an external world. Brown linked Berkeley to Lotze und Wundt through his theory of space perception and furthered associationism by postulating the secondary laws of association, termed by Brown laws of suggestion: relative duration of the sensations; their relative liveliness, frequency, & recency; the reinforcement of one idea by many others; individual differences; the attending circumstances. His primary laws were similarity; contrast; spatial & temporal contiguity.
Jessop page 105; Wozniak Mind & Body page 36; Hunter & Macalpine, pp. 752-3; Diamond 12.8. Perhaps the last truly important philosophical and psychological work from the Scottish Enlightenment and a book that profoundly influenced thinking in both fields, especially in 19th century America, the predominant philosophy & psychology of which was Scottish-realist until nearly the end of the century.
Published after a lengthy correspondence with Darwin, Brown's first book is essentially a devastating 560 page book review. Brown's criticisms mostly concern problems of sensation and the association of ideas. The influence of Berkeley & Reid is evident throughout. Brown was one of the first English-speaking philosophers to take note of Kant, writing an article on him for the second number of the Edinburgh Review.
An interesting discussion of the relations between various modes of knowing (practical/experiential; scientific; poetic; cognitive/theoretic) which the author, borrowing from Sainte-Beuve, calls 'families of minds.' The author was professor of philosophy & psychology at the University of Indiana.
Founded as The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology, and Scientific Methods.
Bucke's first book (of three), published two years after his appointment as medical superintendent of the Asylum for the Insane in London, Ontario. In it one sees Bucke's early attempt to integrate the profound albeit fleeting mystical experience he had had in 1872 into an overarching theory of transpersonal human evolution, with love and faith ultimately vanquishing fear and hate in human moral development. Bucke's ideas reached their fruition in the 1901 Cosmic Consciousness, his magnum opus published shortly before his death in which he described the development of consciousness in three stages from simple (animals), through self-consciousness (typical humans), to cosmic (the next evolutionary stage).
Wozniak Mind and Body #7. Diamond Roots of Psychology #2.6, 8.12, 10.3, 15.11. DSB 3: 1-3; Welcome II, 283 (1824 4th edition only); Edwards, Dictionary of Philosophy 2:3-4. Zusne Names in the History of Psychology #80.One of the foundation texts for physiological psychology, the Rapports first appeared as articles in the Mémoire de l'Institut National from 1798-1801, then as a separate two volume book in 1802. Cabanis' most important work, in which he attempts to explain mental phenomena wholly in terms of physiological states, helped lay the materialist-monist foundation for later 19th century medicine and experimental psychology. Though neither a materialist nor an atheist, Cabanis, who had been trained as a physician and wrote several medical works, helped spread the radical naturalism inaugurated by La Mettrie in the 1740s. It was here that Cabanis famously wrote that "the brain digests impressions and organically excretes thought."
Contains Musatti's "La psicologia sperimentale nell'opera di A. Aliotta.
Coe was, along with James and Starbuck, a pioneer student of the psychology of religious experience.
Contains Hempel's "Explanation in Science and in History"; Wilfrid Sellars's "Philosophy and the Scientific Image of Man"; Michael Scriven's "The Frontiers of Psychology: Psychoanalysis and Parapsychology"; Ernst Caspari's "On the Conceptual Basis of the Biological Sciences"; Adolf Grünbaum's "The Nature of Time"; Paul Feyerabend's "Problems of Metaphysics".
Rieber Catalog #111. Condillac's anonymously published first book, which established Lockean empiricism in France and which contained his discussion of the role of language in transforming sensation into reflection and thinking. Contains as well the seeds for all of the subsequent themes and ideas developed during his lifetime.
GM 4968; Heirs of Hippocrates 935; DSB 3: 381; Edwards, Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2: 180-182; Diamond 16.6; Wozniak Mind and Body, p. 33; Rieber catalog #114.
- A classic contribution to psychology and a high spot of French Enlightenment philosophy. Stimulated both by Diderot's 1749 book on the blind and by the French translations of Locke and Newton that he had read, Condillac attempted to refute Berkeley's idealism by founding human mental phenomena entirely on sensation, as illustrated by his famous fiction of a statue endowed at first with only the sense of smell. Though Condillac's attempt was not entirely successful (as Wozniak points out, "Condillac's extreme sensationalism runs afoul of the obvious fact of variation … in biological constitution"), nevertheless he influenced just about every 18th century author who wrote on philosophical psychology after the publication of his treatise .
- A clear and highly influential consequence of Condillac's analysis was its conclusion that psychology had perforce to be nominalistic. As Brett wrote, "Condillac thinks that Locke did not really get away from the obsession of innate ideas; he is himself more thorough and tells us that all general ideas are merely ways of regarding special or particular ideas. When we consider similarities we move toward general ideas: if we consider differences we make species; as both are operations of the mind there is no need to assume that the general ideas point to any distinct class of objects, the real universals for example. Psychology, within its own limits, must side with the nominalists" [Brett's History of Psychology, abridged edition, p. 470].
Cuvillier, perhaps best known for his contributions to sociology, was professor of philosophy at the École normale supêrieure.
Cushing D58, GM 105, Osler 2413, Waller 10790, Wellcome II p. 433; Heirs of Hippocrates 999 (1803 2nd American edition)."In the present work . . . Darwin stressed the concept of the gradual evolution of complex organisms and discussed the competition for existence, the idea of sexual selection, and the influence of environment. He thus anticipated by some sixty-five years the work of his renowned grandson" Heirs #999. "The express aim of Darwin's Zoonomia was to unravel the theory of diseases. For this purpose he thought it was necessary to examine the structural and physiological principles governing the organization of the animal system. He adopted the framework of Albrecht von Haller's physiological theory, through which he wove a sensationalist psychology" [Richards, Darwin and the Emergence of Evolutionary Theories of Mind and Behavior, p. 31]. In the long chapter on instinct Darwin argued that instincts were acquired rather than pre-existent.
Davies was Professor of Philosophy in the Ohio State University. Only one other book appeared in Baldwin's series—Baldwin's own (now very scarce) Darwin and the Humanities, also 1909.
Translates all of Descartes's letters dealing with psychology or moral philosophy, most translated into English here for the first time.
Despret is in the philosophy department (service de psychologie) at the University of Liège.
Diamond 13.6. The first lengthy treatise on animal automatism.
- "This book is the only published work of an obscure Jesuit priest who died in the year of its publication. The theory presented herein, which is essentially the drainage theory of learning as developed in the late nineteenth century by James and McDougall, is a direct development of the Cartesian automaton theory. It is especially notable because Dilly did not merely link simultaneous events, as Descartes had done and as most associationists continued to do, but described a process whereby the weaker stimulus comes to evoke the response formerly attached to the stronger stimulus — a true conditioning paradigm. … It is known that Locke read this book and brought it back to England with him" [Diamond The Roots of Psychology 13.6, p. 309].
- Obscure though the author was, De l'ame des bêtes proved influential and saw two later editions in 1680 and 1691. Realizing that his hypothesis about animals was a corollary of the Cartesian dichotomy, Dilly reproached Descartes for not having stressed sufficiently the dangerous consequences of the non-automatist view. Nonetheless he lauded Descartes for originating the theory of the beast-machine. See Rosenfeld's From Beast-Machine to Man-Machine, pp. 269-275.
Duprat was professor of philosophy at the lycée de Rochefort.
OCLC records only 5 copies. The third part of Ekehorn's monumental study, the first five parts of which appeared in 1947-48 with the same title, part six in 1948 as Mind's Conflict with Nature. The table of contents of the present work mentions a projected part eight "Philosophy and Modern Biology," but we can no find no record of its appearance as a separate text. Despite the title, this is decidedly not a study of Sherrington but a contribution to the philosophy of science based on Sherrington's ideas. Also published as Acta Medica Scandinavica Vol. 135 Supp. 231.
Chapters on the art of dancing, of thinking, of writing, of religion, of morals.
A revised and expanded version of the 1997 Jean Nicod Lectures delivered in Paris.
Bibliographs 1489 items, most annotated.
Engle was a doctoral student at Hopkins when he vanity-published this book, in which he attempts to ground psychology and philosophy on his concept of "Interest," a kind of super-intentionality. Contains discussions of James, Baldwin, Stout, Bradley, Lloyd Morgan, and others.
OCLC locates only 6 copies of the 2nd edition (17 of the 1st). Erdmann was Professor of Philosophy in the University of Halle.
Crabtree 258; Gauld History of Hypnotism, p. 144; not in Wellcome. A German physician and philosopher who was professor of philosophy at Tübingen and both a follower and critic of Schelling, Eschenmayer edited the Archiv für den thierischen Magnetismus (1817-1824). Following in the footsteps of Kluge he wrote two major books describing his animal magnetic practices and mystical concerns: this work and Mysterien des innern Lebens (1830).Eschenmayer's "writings on animal magnetism contain much that is derived from Schelling, but also elements from sources as diverse as Paracelsus, Stahl, and Reil. Central to Eschenmayer's thnking are the notions of an 'organic ether', concentrated especially in the brain and nervous system, and of polarities in the nervous system, the brain being usually positive, the ganglion system negative, and the sphere of indifference somewhere between" [Gauld, p. 144]. "Influenced by the nature philosophy of Schelling, Eschenmayer had a special interest in the ancient occult traditions. Here, as well as in later works, he seeks out the parallels between those traditions and the contemporary phenomena of animal magnetism" [Crabtree].
"In this work the relationship between the principles of his physiology of mind (the science which teaches us the nature of our own and other minds considered as substantive beings), the laws of primary vision and Hindu theology (the view that there is no nature in the universe, but the essences, energies and volition of a Great Intelligent Being acting upon the finite intelligences which it envelops) becomes even clearer and more explicit than in other previous writings. What Fearn calls physical theology, 'is in point of fact an Integral Department of the Physiology of Mind' … [p. 48]" [Mander, Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century British Philosophers I:375].Fearn "served for some years in the royal navy, retired, and devoted himself to philosophy. He was equally opposed to the English and Scottish schools, but was no transcendentalist, and professed to base his philosophy on induction" [DNB]. He published 12 books, many of them consisting largely of criticism of Reid and Stewart.
Fechner's fourth book, written while he was mostly still interested in physics and under the sway of Naturphilosophie, is an anthology of wide-ranging essays (from cooking to aesthetics and the definition of life). Three or four essays relate to Fechner's later psychological work, the most notable being the last, which deals with the derivation of organic laws from spatial symbols ("Versuch einer Entwicklung des Organisationsgetzes aus dem räumlichen Symbol"). It is here that Fechner articulated some of his earliest ideas on the nature of the nervous system and its molding of the conscious self.
A widely read, philosophically oriented central European text on childhood and adolescence, the last printing of which was in 1959.
A Canadian by birth, the translator was from 1894 on professor of philosophy at Western Reserve University in Ohio. He added a few footnotes and substituted figures 9 & 10 for the originals, which did not reproduce very well.
- The title is somewhat of a misnomer (both in German and English), for this is really Forel's attempt to construct a unified theory of normal and abnormal psychology founded on dual-aspect psychophysical monism, that is, a psychology and psychiatry grounded completely in neuroscience and physiology. Written in a popular style, Forel's book may be the clearest exposition of this point of view, which is now the majority position in medicine and psychiatry, albeit usually in the form of implicitly held beliefs. Unlike most of his modern medical epigones, Forel is decidedly not a realist, at least not of the naive sort, since he regards all perception and knowledge of the external world as mediated by mental representations. Forel scoffs at dualism as violating the law of conservation of energy (pages 80-83 in the English translation); nonetheless he not only skips over the question of what ontological status mental representations have, but (at least as I read him) he seems not to realize that his exposition strongly supports an idealist, or even solipsist, position.
- Forel was uniquely qualified to write this kind of grand summary of the application of psychophysical monism to medicine, psychology, and psychiatry: in addition to being professor of psychiatry at the University of Zurich (Bleuler's teacher and predecessor), he was the leading authority of his time on ants and a distinguished brain anatomist.
Facsimile reprint of the NY 1907 edition.
Chapters on the mind, memory, imagination, character, temperament, instinct, friendship, materialism & idealism.Born in Osnabrück, Fortlage taught at Heidelberg and Berlin before becoming professor of philosophy at Jena in 1846, a post he held until his death. Originally a follower of Hegel, he turned to Fichte and the philosopher-psychologist Friedrich Eduard Beneke, agreeing with his assertion that psychology is the basis of all philosophy. The fundamental idea of his psychology is impulse, which combines representation (thereby presupposing consciousness) and feeling (i.e., pleasure). [Taken from the 11th edition Britannica].
From 1904 professor of philosophy at Columbia University, Fullerton had earlier been a pioneer American experimental psychologist. He co-authored with Jacques Cattell in 1892 On the Perception of Small Differences and served in 1896 as president of the American Psychological Association.
Contains chapters on instincts, moral conduct, truth and beauty, and morality and religion.
A philosophical study of perceptual consciousness in the tradition of the British realists.
A native of Berlin and at this time professor at the University of Greifswald, George was much influenced by Schleiermacher, whose views he tried to reconcile with Hegel's toward the end of his life. See Ueberweg's History of Philosophy II:307.
A naturalist interpretation of ethics in terms of mechanistic psychology. Givler was professor of philosophy at Tufts College.
Though not obvious from the title, entirely devoted to empirical and rational psychology.
Gonzáles Serrano was a Krausist who explained his idea of the soul as an energy or teleological entelechy different from the body and capable of an activity of its own between excitation and response, having both receptivity and spontaneity. He deemed the new psychophysics as implying a poorly grounded monist position. He published books in philosophy, logic, psychology, education, and sociology, as well as a book on Goethe.
Published anonymously, the first edition is uncommon (the DNB gives the date incorrectly as 1766).
Professor of medicine at Edinburgh, Gregory was an intimate friend of Hume, Monboddo, & Blair. Arguing here for an integrative study of body & mind, Gregory insists that we can learn much about human nature from observation of animals.
Contains Newton P. Stallknecht's "Philosophy and Civilization"; Eugene P. Wigner's "Epistemology of Quantum Mechanics—Its Apprisal and Demands"; Michael Polanyi's "The Creative Imagination"; Donald L. Weismann's "The Collage as Model"; C. F. A. Pantin's "Organism and Environment"; Helmuth Plessner's "'A Newton of a Blade of Grass'?"; M. R. A. Chance's "Man in Biology"; Erwin W. Strauss' "Embodiment and Excarnation"; Sigmund Koch's "Value Properties: Their Significance for Psychology, Axiology, and Science."
Gutberlet was a notable German Catholic theologican and philosopher, who also wrote a number of treatises on psychology.
The first part of Gutberlet's general treatise on philosophy. The later sections were theodicy, general metaphysics, natural philosophy, and ethics & natural law. Gutberlet was a notable German Catholic theologican and philosopher.Section 2: Philosophical Psychology (H-N)
Section 3: Philosophical Psychology (O-Y)
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