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John Gach Books, Inc. 10514 Marriottsville Road (Rear Building) PO Box 267 Randallstown, Maryland 21133 |
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John Gach Books, Inc. 10514 Marriottsville Road (Rear Building) PO Box 267 Randallstown, Maryland 21133 |
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A primer written by a psychology professor when Fortran was the only widely-available choice for numerical computing.
Origins of Cyberspace #435.
"An examination of the brain as a mechanism, and an explanation of how it developed the ability to adapt and learn through what Ashby called 'the principle of ultrastability.' As one of the best-known exponents of cybernetics, Ashby favored using feedback mechanisms or learning robots to construct artificial intelligence elecromechanically, rather than programming computers for the purpose" [Hood & Norman Origins citing the 1952 first edition].
14 papers including Alan Ryan's "The Nature of Human Nature in Hobbes and Rousseau"; Jeann-Marie Benoist's "Classicism Revisited: Human Nature and Structure in Lévi-Strauss and Chomsky"; Koestler's "The Limits of Ma and His Predicament"; David Bohm's "Human Nature as the Product of our Mental Models"; Raymond Williams's "Social Darwinism"; John Maynard Smith's "Can We Change Human Nature? The Evidence of Genetics"; Michael Chance's "The Dimensions of Our Social Behavior"; Liam Hudson's "The Limits of Human Intelligence"; Max Clowes's "Man the Creative Machine: A Perspective from Artificial Intelligence Research"; Terry Winograd's "The Processes of Language Understanding."
Papers reprinted from the Spring 1981 issue of Philosophical Topics. Contains WIlliam G. Lycan's "Psychological Laws"; Stephen P. Stich's "Dennett on Intentional Systems"; Daniel C. Dennett's "Making Sense of Ourselves"; Robert Cummins' "What Can Be Learned from Brainstorms?"; Sydney Shoemaker's "Some Varieties of Functionalism"; Paul & Patricia Churchland's "Functionalism, Qualia, and Intentionality"; K. V. Wilkes' "Functionalism, Psychology, and the Philosophy of Mind"; Colin McGinn's "A Note on Functionalism and Function"; Robert C. Richardson's "Internal Representation: Proglogue to a Theory of Intentionality"; John Haugeland's "Analog and Analog."
Contains a chapter on the next generation of computers.
Norman Catalog 266; Origins of Cyberspace 224. A key book both for the development of modern logic and, later, of computers."Boole invented the first practical system of logic in algebraic form, which enabled more advances in logic to be made in the decades of the nineteenth century than in the twenty-two centuries preceding. Boole's work led to the creation of set theory and probability theory in mathematics, to the philosophical work of Peirce, Russell, Whitehead and Wittgenstein and to computer technology via the master's thesis of C.E. Shannon (1937), who recognized that the true/false values in Boole's two-valued algebra were analogous to the open and closed states of electric circuits. This invention of the binary digit or 'bit' made possible the development of the digital computer" [Norman Catalog].
An early interpretation of the CNS in probabilistic terms. Chapters on nerve networks and learning & memory.
An early application of computer programs to data analysis in behavioral science.
Contains chapters on serial versus parallel processes, pattern recognition by computer, theories of the perception of form and speech, etc.
An early attempt to build a model of intelligence that could be simulated by a computer, based on a synthesis of the ideas of Hebb, Piaget, and Sokolov. The author was at the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School of Engineering.
Origins of Cyberspace #581: "A description of the NORC (Naval Ordnance Research Calculator), designed and built by IBM for the United States navy's Bureau of Ordnance." Eckert developed the first computing laboratory at Columbia University; in 1933 he persuaded Thomas Watson of the need to enlarge the laboratory. "The requirements laid down by Eckert for emendations of the standard IBM machines to make them more useful for scientific work forced the company to develop an attitude of flexibility toward scientific users of machines which was to have great consequences for the electronic computer developments both at the University of Pennsylvania and the Institute for Advanced Study, as well as for the company itself. Indeed, it may have been absolutely essential to its later success" [Goldstine p. 110].
See Goldstine The Computer from Pascal to von Neumann p. 315, note 20. "The first treatise on how to build an electronic digital computer. It provided a 'cookbook' describing the available ingredients and how they worked for both digital and analog computers" [Origins of Cyberspace 584]. Originally issued as a report to the Office of Naval Research as an investigation and report on the status of development of computing machine components. Tompkins, vice-president for research at ERA, wrote most of the text, which was then completed by the staff under the direction of J. H. Wakelin and edited for publication as a book by W. W. Stifler, Jr. W. R. Boennng, W. W. Butler, A. A. Cohen, E. C. Olofson, L. R. Steinhardt, and Erwin Tomash all contributed to the book.
Origins of Cyberspace #599. The first anthology of writings on artificial intelligence, "consisting of twenty papers by experts in the field plus a comprehensive bibliography by Marvin Minsky of published works on AI)" [Norman]. Both authors were at the University of California, Berkeley.
Papers in English & French. Largely devoted to human-computer interaction with sections on language barriers and language training, group communications, and man-computer communication.
The first textbook on programming and computer applications for behavioral scientists.
Guilbaud was a French mathematician who early in his career became interested in the use of mathematics in the social sciences, economics, and management. He helped develop operations research in France.
Papers by an all star cast including Köhler, Rhine, Feigl, Pepper, Putnam, Ducasse, Bridgman, Price, Wiener, Scriven, Danto, Weiss, Heider, Skinner, Nagel, Hanson. 11 papers on the mind-brain problem; 10 on the brain and the machine; 8 on concept formation.
Origins of Cyberspace #965. A landmark book. Contains von Neumann's "The General and Logical Theory of Automata"; McCullough's "Why the Mind Is in the Head"; Lashley's "The Problem of Serial Order in Behavior"; Klüver's "Functional Differences between the Occipital and Temporal Lobes …"; Köhler's "Relational Determination in Perception"; Halstead's "Brain and Intelligence."Von Neumann's earliest published work on automata theory (originally delivered at the conference in 1948) in which he called for a theory of natural and artificial automata based on matheatial logic.
Johnson was Professor of English at the University of Kansas.
Contains Gaito "Neurochemical Approaches to Learning"; Galambos "Electrical Events in the Brain and Learning"; Pribram "Memory and the Organization of the Brain"; Konorski "New Data and Ideas on Instrumental Conditioning"; Simon "Mathematical Models and Artificial Intelligence"; Hilgard "Classical and Instrumental Conditioning"; Lumsdaine "Programmed Learning and Teaching Machines"; O'Connor "Mental Retardation and Learning"; Guilford "Creativity and Learning"; Koestler "The Act of Creation"; R. F. Thompson "A 'Model Neural System' Approach to the Neural Basis of Behavioral Change."
Chapters on space travel, the computer, teaching machines, intelligence & creativity, and parapsychology.
Michael was Professor of Psychology and Program Director, Center for Research on Utilization of Scientific Knowledge, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.
Not in Cordasco.
A remarkable — albeit completely ignored — book that appears to be the first extended discussion of neurophysiology in cybernetic terms. Morat views the sensory & motoric systems as the two poles of an organismic feedback loop.
From 2004 Nadin has been professor at the University of Texas, Dallas, where he directs the newly established Institute for Research in Anticipatory Systems. Nadin founded the field of computational design, or the design of products and processes through the use of digital means. He established and directed the world's first Computational Design Program at the University of Wuppertal in Germany.
Origins of Cyberspace 809: "Probably the first international conference on artificial intelligence." What a cast! Contains Minsky's "Some Methods of Artificial Intelligence and Heuristic Programming"; Ashby's "The Mechanism of Habituation"; Rosenblatt's "Two Theorems of Statistical Separability in the Perceptron"; McCullough's "Agatha Tyche: Of Nervous Nets - the Lucky Reconers"; Gregory's "Models and the Localization of Function in the Central Nervous System"; and 22 other papers.
Presents 63 original readings from the history of computing, networking, and telecommunications arranged thematically by chapters. Most of the readings record basic discoveries from the 1830s through the 1960s that laid the foundation of the world of digital information. Traces the historic steps from the early 19th century development of telegraph systems—the first data networks—through the development of the earliest general-purpose progammable computers and the earliest software, to the foundation in 1969 of ARPANET, the first national computer network that eventually became the Internet.Contains the editor's lengthy illustrated historical introduction anent the Internet's impact on book culture. It compares and contrasts the transition from manuscript to print in the 15th century with various electronic media that converged to form the Internet in the 20th. Also provides a comprehensive annotated timeline and introductory notes to each reading.
Oettinger was Professor of Linguistics and Gordon McKay Professor of Applied Mathematics at Harvard University.
Revised from the original 1970 Russian edition.
Entirely devoted to the modeling of visual systems. Part I: The Biophysics of Information Transfer. Part II: The Organization of Computations in Visual Information Processing (contains David Marr's "Representing Visual Information").
Based on the author's 1986 University of Sussex doctoral thesis.
Origins of Cyberspace #893: "McCarthy had planned a book on artificial intelligence, but Shannon, who did most of the work on the volume, preferred a more traditional title. A result of the title change was taht, as one would expect, the papers received concerned automata rather than artificial intelligence." An important book with 13 papers divided into three sections: Finite Automata, Turing Machines, and Synthesis of Automata. Includes the following papers by the scions of emergent computer science and artificial intelligence: von Neumann's "Probabilitstic Logics and the Synthesis of Reliable Organisms from Unreliable Components"; Minsky's "Some Universal Elements for Finite Automata"; Shannon's "A Universal Turing Machine with Two Internal States" and (co-authored with K. de Leeuw, E. F. Moore, & N. Shapiro) "Computability by Probabilistic Machines"; McCarthy's "The Inversion of Functions Defined by Turing Machines"; Ashby's "Design for an Intelligence-Amplifier."
Originally published as Volume 12 No. 3 of the Neurosciences Research Program Bulletin.
Preceded by preliminary draft(s) published by American National Standards Institute.
"The common high order language program began in 1974. . . . The Ada language was designed in accordance with the final (1978) form of these requirements, embodied in the Steelman specification."
Focusing on the brain's ability quickly to access a massive store of accumulated information, Valiant proposes a new computational approach to studying its intricate workings.
A widely influential book.
Origins of Cyberspace #992.
"Cybernetics was the first conventionally published book, rather than a technical report, to include a serious discussion of electronic digital computing. Writing as a mathematician rather than an engineer, Wiener's approach was, of course, theoretical rather than specific. Because so many aspects of Wiener's thought were hardly known to the public at large, the revolutionary aspect of this work can hardly be underestimated [sic for 'overestimated'] … Cybernetics … influenced a generation of scientists working in a wide range of disciplines. In it were the roots of various elements of computer science, which by the mid-1950s had broken off from cybernetics to form their own specialties. Among these separate disciplines were information theory, computer learning, and artificial intelligence." [Origins #991].
"This work was Wiener's effort to produce a popular exposition of ideas expressed in Cybernetics" [Origins of Cyberspace #995].
Contains David Marr's "Representing and Computing Visual Information" (pp. 17-80).
Origins of Cyberspace 1075: "Includes a comparison of the similarities and differences between brains and machines, and a discussion of how computers might be constructed to incorporate 'brain-like' learning processes."
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