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John Gach Books, Inc. 10514 Marriottsville Road (Rear Building) PO Box 267 Randallstown, Maryland 21133 |
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John Gach Books, Inc. 10514 Marriottsville Road (Rear Building) PO Box 267 Randallstown, Maryland 21133 |
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Section 2: Antiquarian Psychology in English (K-P)
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Quetelet's second important book on moral statistics, published in French in 1846. and his major work on statistical methods. Though he had first promulgated his notion of the "average man" in his 1835 Sur l'homme, it his here that Quetelet posits the "average man" as an ideal type from which individuals deviate to greater or lesser measurable extent. He indicates in the present work that he would calculate the accuracy of a mean by its probable error, thus setting the stage for the sophisticated mathematical treatments that followed in the late 19th and 20th centuries. See Stigler's History of Statistics (pp. 172 & 180), and the articles in the DSB & IESS on Quetelet.
The third book in English to be titled "psychology" (the first by an American), this is also the first attempt to synthesize German & American mental philosophy and "the first statement in English of Hegelian principles of mind" [Kuklick's A History of American Philosophy, p. 89]. Roback regarded Rauch as a pioneer semiotician in his History of American Psychology (p. 57). Though four editions were published, the book did not have much influence.Born in Kirschbracht, Prussia, Rauch gained his doctorate from Marburg and emigrated to the USA as a political refugee. In 1832 the synod of the German Reformed Church in the United States hired him as principal of the seminary's Classical School, which later moved west from York to Mercersburg and achieved independent existence as Marshall College, of which Rauch was its first president.
The second book in English to be titled "psychology" (the first by an American), the first edition of which appeared in 1840; the first attempt to synthesize German & American mental philosophy; the first American book to be titled a psychology book. (It is not, however, the first such book in English. That honor goes to an 1834 translation of Cousin). Roback (p. 57) regarded Rauch as a pioneer semiotician.
Jessop p. 165. Reid's second book, 21 years after his pathbreaking 1764 Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense. Whereas his first book was primarily epistemological, this second book extends his thinking to topics of memory, abstraction, judgment, reasoning, and taste.Founder of the Scottish "Common Sense" school, Reid greatly influenced the direction in which 19th century Anglo-American psychology developed. Faculty psychology and phrenology both derive from this book and its companion essay on the active powers of the intellect, though Reid's divisions themselves derive from Wolff.
A friendly letter to friends chiding them for leaving money behind to pay for dinner.
Polish-born and reared in Montreal, Roback got his B.A. from McGill in 1912, M.A. from Harvard in 1913 and Ph.D. in psychology from Harvard in 1917. From 1917 on he lived in Cambridge, Mass. Probably because of his Jewishness, Roback never got a serious academic position, though he was an instructor in psychology at numerous Boston area universities, including Harvard, M.I.T., and Northeastern. The bulk of his papers are housed at Harvard's Houghton Library, though they are not sure how or when Harvard got them. Despite his lack of a professorship, Roback made numerous significant contributions to clinical psychology, the history of psychology, and the study of Yiddish language and folkore. His 1925 Psychology of Character, which essentially introduced European graphology to an American audience, was widely influential. In the 1920s he published the first book-length bibliographies of both behaviorism and personality/character studies, as well as one of the first book-length studies of behaviorism. His 1942 books on William James and his 1957 Freudiana both contain much important material. His 1952 History of American Psychology was the first book on the subject, while his posthumous 1969 Pictorial History of Psychology and Psychiatry was the first copiously ilustrated history of either field and still contains much valuable information not easily found elsewhere. He corresponded with numerous luminaries. His interesting correspondence with Freud, which began in 1929 after Roback had sent Freud a copy of his just published (by himself, of course) Jewish Influence in Modern Thought was partly reprinted in Freudiana.
Contains a discussion of Freud's Moses and Monotheism.
Freeman 1434. Romanes' second book on comparative psychology, published the year after his 1882 Animal Intelligence. Darwin's essay was read at a meeting of the Linnean Society of London on December 6, 1883, but was published only as the appendix to Romanes' book.
An incunable of American experimental psychology. Contains Seashore's "Measurements of Illusions and Hallucinations in Normal Life"; John M. Moore's "Studies of Fatigue"; Edward M. Weyer's "Some Experiments on the Reaction-Time of a Dog"; Scripture's "Some New Apparatus."
Crabtree Animal Magnetism, Early Hypnotism #1513. An important American contribution to the study of dissociation. Contains papers by Sidis on mental dissociation in functional psychosis and in depressive delusional states; W. A. White on dissociation in alcoholic amnesia and in epilepsy; and by George M. Parker on dissociation in functional motor disturbances and in psychomotor epilepsy.
Skinner's first psychological book and a milestone in the history of American psychology (albeit one whose effect was considerably delayed). 800 copies of the first edition were printed in the summer of 1938 and published in September, of which 500 were bound in black cloth. The remaining 300 were bound in light green cloth and issued in the mid-1940s. Both issues are rare. A small number of copies (probably no more than 5 or 6) were sent out by Skinner as presentation copies.
With an informative 12-page introduction written for the paperback edition, titled "Walden Two Revisited," in which Skinner discusses the origins of the book and its subsequent influence.
Smee's first (& most important) contribution to mental philosophy. A British surgeon, Smee's main interests and work concerned electricity and electro-metallurgy, upon which subject he published an important book in 1840. His 1849 Elements of Electro-Biology "was a pioneer excursion into the territory of electrical physiology" [DNB]. The present work presents its ideas in a more popular and philosophically oriented form. See the Wheeler Gift Catalogue for Smee's various publications relating to electricity.
Diamond 15.9 & 19.8 (instincts & dreams). Wood 1931 p. 570. Smellie is best known for initiating and writing much of the text for the first edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica (1771). In this, his last book, the second volume of which appeared posthumously, Smellie takes a surpisingly psychological approach to natural history — indeed the book more closely approximates a contribution to comparative psychology than to zoology, as a sampling of its chapter titles indicates: "Of Puberty", "Of Love", "Of the Hostilities of Animals", "Of the Artifices of Animals", "Of the Society of Animals", "Of the Principles of Imitation in Animals.".
Snider was an influential St. Louis Hegelian. One of the founders of modern pedagogy, Froebel argued that the child's development should proceed along its natural lines rather than those imposed by instructors.
Wozniak Mind & Body #15.
A monumentally important book, Spencer's Principles marked a turning point in the history of psychology by grounding psychology in evolutionary biology. "Spencer stressed three basic evolutionary principles that transformed his view of mind and brain into one to which the cortical localization of function was a simple logical corollary. In so doing he lay the groundwork for Hughlings Jackson's evolutionary conception of the nervous system and extension of the sensory-motor organizational hypothesis to the cerebrum. Spencer's key principles were adaptation, continuity, and development" [Wozniak Mind and Body, p. 19].
It was this vastly expanded second edition — three times the size of the first edition — that profoundly influenced the development of both evolutionary and neuropsychology. The evolutionarily rooted concept of hierarchical development of the brain, which was to be broadly diffused through the writings of Hughlings Jackson, stems from this book, the first printing of which may be even scarcer than the 1855 first edition.
Revised from the Third London Edition.
An important book which did much to foster a nurturist- environmentalist attitude to education and child rearing. Such ideas were, of course, already "in the air", as evidenced by the spate of increasingly secular books on child-rearing which began in the 1820s. Phrenology in general & Spurzheim's treatise in particular helped provide a theoretical rationale for the growing practical concerns about the correct method of child-rearing.
Stanley was an early (but not founding) member of the American Psychological Association. So far as we can ascertain, his only other separately appearing publications were An Outline Sketch, Psychology for Beginners, a pamphlet published by Open Court in 1899 that we've never seen, and the 1897 Essays on the Literary Art, also published by Sonnenschein. Some of the chapters (here rewritten) first appeared in Mind, The Monist, Science, Philosophical Review and Psychological Review.
- Contents: On the introspective study of feeling
- On primitive consciousness
- Theories of pleasure-pain
- The relation of feeling to pleasure-pain
- Early differentiation
- Representation and emotion
- Fear as primitive emotion
- The differentiation of fear
- Despair
- Anger
- Surprise, disappointment, emotion of novelty
- Retrospective emotion
- Desire
- Some remarks on attention
- Self feeling
- Induction and emotion
- The æsthetic psychosis
- The psychology of literary style
- Ethical emotion
- The expression of feeling.
First German edition 1914, 3rd edition 1923.
Wozniak Classics in Psychology 1855-1914, pp. 30-34.
A key book in the emergence of modern psychology in France and perhaps the greatest 19th century positivist contribution to psychology. "Of particular importance . were Taine's positivism, reductive sensationalism, theory of hallucination, analysis of memory, and recognition of the existence of unconscious mentality" [Wozniak p. 31].
Boring 1950, p. 562; Diamond 13.10. Thorndike's thesis, a high spot and one of the great rarities in the history of psychology. Introduced puzzle boxes, the concept of trial and error learning, and articulated the law of effect in learning, a principle that Lloyd Morgan had already discussed. Thorndike's insistence that psychology be founded on study of learning had enormous influence on shaping the nascent discipline.
Boring 1950, p. 562; Diamond 13.10.
Harvard List 1938 #174: "The most important and comprehensive exposition of the theories and techniques of factor analysis."
Tryon was one of the founders of behavioral genetics. This is his first separately authored paper and his first publication on the subject.
Diamond Roots of Psychology 21.7 (in the section on motivation & conflict); Dictionary of Eighteenth-Century British Philosophers 2:893-898; Warren A History of the Association Psychology, pp. 75-77; Sorley A History of English Philosophy, pp. 192-194. This second edition, published by Tucker's grandson, restores chapter 25 of Part III and other passages that his daughter had deleted for the first edition because they suggested Socinianism. A book of considerable importance for both utilitarianism and association psychology, though more from this second edition and Hazlitt's 1807 abridgment than from the nearly unfindable original edition, which few people could have read.Tucker turned to philosophy in 1754 and from 1763 on spent most of his time working on Light of Nature. A Lockean, he attempted to derive the principles of morality from experimental data, attributed ideas to reflection as well as sensation, and criticized Hartley's radical sensationalism. "Tucker gives the generic name of combination to this juncture of ideas, which he says includes two separate modes, association and composition. Thus Tucker was the first to recognized explicitly the difference between a union without alteration of the components, and the sort of connection wherein the ideas 'so melt together as to form one single complex idea.' … Tucker's statement of this principle is perhaps his most important contribution to the association theory" [Warren A History of the Association Psychology, pp. 75-76]. Tucker's discussion of "Combination" is largely given in chapter 9 of Volume I, Part I. Tucker greatly influenced William Paley, especially his moral theory and theodicy. Paley relied on Tucker's theory of engagement to explain how the realm of living nature can be a mass of happiness. [see the [Dict. of 18th Cent. British Philosophers 2:893-898].
This edition not in NUC (nor is any German edition earlier than the 4th). An immensely popular book in German (there were at least 14 editions). Contains chapters on Shakespeare; Goethe; Schopenhauer & Spinoza; Alexander, Caesar, & Napoleon; Christ & Buddha; the development of the higher man according to Darwin, and Lombroso's hypothesis; Stirner, Nietzsche, & Ibsen.
OCLC locates only 6 copies.
Contains August Kirschmann's "Conceptions and Laws in Aesthetic"; Emma S. Baker's "Experiments on the Aesthetic of Light and Colour"; and W. J. Dobbie's "Experiments with School Children on Colour Combinations."
Wozniak Mind & Body: Renè Descartes to William James #48; Fay American Psychology Before William James, pp. 91-109; Roback History of American Psychology, pp. 50-54. Preceded by the publication in 1826 of the first 13 chapters under the same title by J. Griffin in Brunswick (we've never seen a copy). Published anonymously without Upham's name on the title-page, this was the first textbook of mental philosophy (i.e., psychology) and the most influential American textbook of psychology before James. Mostly an exposition along Lockean & Scottish-realist lines, Upham's book has long sections on language, thought, & signs. Immensely popular—there were many editions into the 1860's—Upham kept revising it, especially the section on language.Upham was professor of mental and moral philosophy at Bowdoin (originally appointed professor of metaphysics and ethics Feb 1825). His book was based on his lectures at Bowdoin on the understanding of the human mind (Longfellow and Hawthorne were in his first class). In 1831 he enlarged the work to two volumes, retitling it Elements of Mental Philosophy — a much more explicitly psychological title than the Scottish-derived "Intellectual" of the first edition. While in the 1827 book Upham resisted any classification of mind, in its 1831 incarnation he argued that the operations of mind fell naturally into two categories: intellect and sentience. With the publication in 1834 of his Philosophical and Practical Treatise on the Will, Upham expanded his classificatory scheme to include volition as a third high level category. Upham represents both the culmination of the Puritan tradition in philosophy and the foundation for an indigenous American psychological tradition. "Generally eclectic in his orientation, Upham drew the major inspiration for the first edition of his textbook from Locke and Reid, turning more heavily to Brown in later editions. His treatment of will reflected an attempt to reach a compromise between an ontological pre-determinism inherited from his Calvinist ancestors and the evidence of consciousness as to mental freedom. Indeed, Upham's most important contribution to American thought and culture may have been the extent to which he introduced generations of American students to the exploration of human conscious experience as a source of psychological understanding" [Wozniak p. 48].
Wozniak Mind & Body: Renè Descartes to William James page 48 & #48; Fay American Psychology Before William James, pp. 91-109; Roback History of American Psychology, pp. 50-54. A complete reworking of his 1827 Elements of Intellectual Philosophy, the first textbook of mental philosophy (i.e., psychology). This incarnation is much less Lockean than the 1827 book, relying much more on Thomas Reid, Thomas Brown, and Dugald Stewart—the appendix "Of the Varieties of Intellectual Character" is taken from Volume Third of Stewart's Elements of the Human Mind. Where in 1827 Upham had imposed no classificatory scheme on the operations of mind, here he has decidedly done so, the text being divided into the following sections: Introduction. Part First: Immateriality and General Laws of the Mind. Part Second, Class I: Intellectual States of the Mind, of External Origin. Part Second, Second Class: Intellectual States of Internal Origins. Part Third: Language or Signs of Mental States. Part Fourth: Sentient States of the Mind, Class First: Emotions; Class Second: Desires. Part Fifth: Disordered Mental Action. Part the Fifth contains two chapters: "Excited Conceptions or Apparitions"; and "Mental Alienation."The most influential American textbook of psychology before James, which Upham kept revising and fiddling with until the definitive state of the text appeared in 1869. Upham was professor of mental and moral philosophy at Bowdoin College. With the publication in 1834 of his Philosophical and Practical Treatise on the Will, Upham expanded his classificatory scheme to include volition as a third high level category comparable to intellect and sentience. "Generally eclectic in his orientation, Upham drew the major inspiration for the first edition of his textbook from Locke and Reid, turning more heavily to Brown in later editions. His treatment of will reflected an attempt to reach a compromise between an ontological pre-determinism inherited from his Calvinist ancestors and the evidence of consciousness as to mental freedom. Indeed, Upham's most important contribution to American thought and culture may have been the extent to which he introduced generations of American students to the exploration of human conscious experience as a source of psychological understanding" [Wozniak p. 48].
Fay p. 223. The most sophisticated period American contribution to abnormal psychology.
Roback 1952: "the most analytic mind in psychology of his day". Upham shows that desires differ from volitions in fixedness and permanence and that motives may be either internal or external.
Columbia University doctoral dissertation.
A pioneering British contribution to educational psychology (the address was oriented towards teachers).
After this (presumably) subscription issue, marketed in book form with the People's Institute imprint, then as a trade book with Norton's imprint. The People's Institute Publishing Company was a branch of Norton.
The first biography of Brown.
Fay pp. 135-38.
Origins of Cyberspace #992.
"Cybernetics was the first conventionally published book, rather than a technical report, to include a serious discussion of electronic digital computing. Writing as a mathematician rather than an engineer, Wiener's approach was, of course, theoretical rather than specific. Because so many aspects of Wiener's thought were hardly known to the public at large, the revolutionary aspect of this work can hardly be underestimated [sic for 'overestimated'] … Cybernetics … influenced a generation of scientists working in a wide range of disciplines. In it were the roots of various elements of computer science, which by the mid-1950s had broken off from cybernetics to form their own specialties. Among these separate disciplines were information theory, computer learning, and artificial intelligence." [Origins #991].
GM 1570.
A comparative study of the Jukes and Jonathan Edwards lineages. As one might guess, the Jukeses (as described by Dugdale) don't fare well.
2nd edition in English of volumes 1 & 2, 1st edition of volume 3.
Yerkes's first separate publication on primates.
With a carbon copy of Scheinfeld's May 5 typed response. Women and Men was published by Harcourt, Brace in 1944.
An important and uncommon monograph.
Section 2: Antiquarian Psychology in English (K-P)
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